“…Environmental campaigns have recognized this, and increasingly focus on emotional values to reengage the public (Wu & Lee, 2015). In this context, natural history films have emerged as a platform for reconnecting people to nature, captivating large audiences with entertaining and emotionally charged storylines (Fortner & Lyon, 1985;Sullivan, 2016), but the value of such vicarious connections with nature has been questioned (Ballouard, Brischoux, & Bonnet, 2011; but see Soga, Gaston, Yamaura, Kurisu, & Hanaki, 2016). Moreover, natural history films are often criticized for portraying unrealistic, pristine views of nature (Beck, 2010), despite often featuring endangered species whose survival is time-sensitive (see for example the collapse of Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica populations, witnessed-but not portrayed-by film crews; Kock et al, 2018;Milner-Gulland, Morgan, & Kock, 2016;Nicholls, 2015).…”