Beyond skin white spots: Vitiligo and associated comorbidities

Hu, Zhonghui; Wang, Tao

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1072837

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Significant differences in the prevalence of some comorbidities (i.e. thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and depression with treatment) were observed in patients with vitiligo versus controls, consistent with other studies 3,20,21 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and depression with treatment) were observed in patients with vitiligo versus controls, consistent with other studies. 3,20,21 Although approximately 85% of patients with vitiligo had <10% BSA involvement, patients reported moderate vitiligo severity. Vitiligo lesions on visible areas as well as the extent of vitiligo were cited by patients as the biggest contributors towards patient-assessed vitiligo severity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitiligo patient population and disease burden in France: VIOLIN study results from the CONSTANCES cohort

Ezzedine,

Seneschal,

Da Silva

et al. 2023

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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BackgroundVitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease resulting in skin depigmentation.ObjectivesThis study assessed the prevalence, disease burden and treatment of vitiligo in France.MethodsVIOLIN was a cross‐sectional study nested in the national CONSTANCES cohort, which consists of randomly selected adults aged 18–69 years in France. In VIOLIN, longitudinal data were collected prospectively from 158,898 participants during 2012–2018 and linked to the National Health Data System (SNDS), a healthcare utilization database. Patients with physician‐diagnosed vitiligo were matched (1:3) with control participants based on age, sex, geographic region, year of inclusion and skin phototype. Patients completed a questionnaire in 2022 to collect disease characteristics, disease burden and quality‐of‐life (QoL) data.ResultsVitiligo prevalence was 0.71% (681/95,597) in 2018. The mean age in the vitiligo population was 51.2 years; 51.4% were women. Most patients (63%) were diagnosed before age 30 years, mainly by dermatologists (83.5%). Most patients (81.1%) had visible lesions (i.e. on face, hands). Vitiligo was limited to <10% of the body surface area (BSA) in 85.8% of patients. Comorbidities including thyroid disease (18.0% vs. 9.0%), psoriasis (13.7% vs. 9.7%), atopic dermatitis (12.4% vs. 10.3%), depression (18.2% vs. 14.6%) and alopecia areata (4.3% vs. 2.4%) were significantly more common in patients with vitiligo versus matched controls (n = 2043). QoL was significantly impaired in patients with >5% BSA involvement or visible lesions, particularly with ≥10% facial involvement. Vitiligo‐specific instruments (i.e. Vitiligo Impact Patient scale and Vitiligo‐specific QoL instrument) were more sensitive to QoL differences among subgroups versus general skin instruments, and generic instruments were least sensitive. Most patients (83.8%) did not receive any prescribed treatment.ConclusionsPatients with vitiligo in France have a high disease burden, particularly those with visible lesions or higher BSA involvement. Most patients are not receiving treatment, highlighting the need for new effective treatments and patient/physician education.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitiligo patient population and disease burden in France: VIOLIN study results from the CONSTANCES cohort

Ezzedine,

Seneschal,

Da Silva

et al. 2023

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Hu and Wang reported that pernicious anemia was approximately 1.3% among 300 patients with vitiligo, significantly higher than the expected prevalence of 0.15%. 40 Turkey reportedly has the highest number of people with vitiligo affected by pernicious anemia, with a majority of 8.7%. Gill et al reported that the incidence of pernicious anemia in patients with vitiligo was 0.5% 8 ; however, another study showed no significant association between pernicious anemia and vitiligo.…”

Section: Pernicious Anemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive review of vitiligo-associated conditions

Premkumar,

Bhaskar Kalarani,

Mohammed

et al. 2023

International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology

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Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder caused by the destruction of melanocytes in various body regions. Numerous diseases may accompany vitiligo. The prevalence of vitiligo varies among geographical regions and shows no relation to sex or age. However, vitiligo most commonly affects people aged 10 to 30 years. The clinical symptoms of vitiligo include irregular patches on the skin and various diseases associated with this disorder. The present review focuses on the clinical effects and risk factors of vitiligo-associated conditions and the current therapeutics for treating vitiligo. This systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines and articles published from 2000 to 2023 in several electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and others). The most clinically significant diseases associated with vitiligo are alopecia areata, autoimmune thyroid disease, Addison's disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. No targeted population is specifically prone to vitiligo; it does not affect any particular race or sex. Hence, awareness of the diseases associated with vitiligo is necessary to control them through various medical and surgical treatments with the proper facilities.

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“…Vitiligo is a skin disorder caused by abnormal melanocytes present outside the skin that affects around 1% of the world's population, with no significant differences according to sex, ethnicity, or geography 1 . Many comorbidities are proposed to be associated with vitiligo, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndrome, and psychiatric disorders involving melanocytes 2–4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Many comorbidities are proposed to be associated with vitiligo, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndrome, and psychiatric disorders involving melanocytes. [2][3][4]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for developing vitiligo on the hands

Enomoto,

Kanayama,

Ikumi

et al. 2024

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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BackgroundVitiligo presents with varying clinical features based on the type and location. Treatment tends to be more effective on the face, neck, trunk, and mid‐extremities, while the lips and distal extremities may be more resistant. Vitiligo in frequently exposed areas such as the face, arms, legs, and hands is typically associated with a lower Dermatology Life Quality Index.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the characteristics and potential causes of vitiligo in challenging‐to‐treat regions, with particular focus on the hands.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical data of 337 patients with generalized vitiligo who visited our hospital between 2016 and 2022. For this study, we focused on patients with non‐segmental vitiligo (NSV) specifically on their hands. Of the 337 patients, 248 had NSV and 89 had segmental vitiligo; 119 (47%) of those with NSV had vitiligo on their hands. Logistic regression models were applied to identify factors the factors linked to hand vitiligo, such as age, sex, duration of the condition, and smoking and alcohol history.Results and ConclusionsWe developed a model to predict the risk of hand vitiligo using several factors. Among the factors analyzed, only smoking history was significantly associated with an increased risk (odds ratio: 3.13). In addition, we used clinical photography to evaluate color‐graded frequency heat maps comprising 528 pixels. Vitiligo in nonsmokers widely distributed over the hand, predominantly the fingertips and joints, whereas vitiligo in smokers tended to be distributed mostly at the fingertips.

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Beyond skin white spots: Vitiligo and associated comorbidities

Cited by 14 publications

References 123 publications

Vitiligo patient population and disease burden in France: VIOLIN study results from the CONSTANCES cohort

Vitiligo patient population and disease burden in France: VIOLIN study results from the CONSTANCES cohort

An extensive review of vitiligo-associated conditions

Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for developing vitiligo on the hands

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