Beyond Prostate-specific Antigen — Future Biomarkers for the Early Detection and Management of Prostate Cancer

Killick, Emma; Bancroft, Elizabeth; Kóte-Jarai, Zsofia; Eeles, Rosalind

doi:10.1016/j.clon.2012.05.001

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…12 New developments in prostate cancer testing have aided in discriminating early-stage cancer from noncancerous conditions but a great deal of focus has been placed on developing additional tests to distinguish aggressive from benign cancers. 26,27 Some of these tests are intended to be used in combination with the PSA test and others can be used independently.…”

Section: Diagnostic Dilemmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology Consultation on Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing

Noguez

Fantz

2014

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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Section: Diagnostic Dilemmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology Consultation on Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing

Noguez

Fantz

2014

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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“…The TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion was first described in 2005 [2] as a PCa-specific biomarker, and it has been widely investigated as a new biomarker for PCa [3]. The TMPRSS2 (androgen-regulated transmembrane protease serine 2) gene codes for serine protease and is expressed in normal and malignant prostatic epithelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ERG is a member of the ETS family of oncogenes, which act as transcriptional activators and inhibitors, usually controlled by phosphorylation. When fused with TMPRSS2, ERG comes under the control of androgens [3]. Recurrent TMPRSS2:ERG fusions are reported to be present in 50% of PCas from PSA-screened cohorts [4-7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Results of Noninvasive Detection ofTMPRSS2:ERGGene Fusion in a Cohort of Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer

et al. 2013

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PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate TMPRSS2:ERG fusion rates in tissue, urine, blood, and pubic hair samples in a cohort of patients with localized prostate cancer and to correlate these findings with various clinicopathological parameters.Materials and MethodsA cohort of 40 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer (RRP group) and 10 control patients undergoing prostate biopsy were enrolled between 2006 and 2008. Urine, pubic hair, and peripheral blood samples were obtained following prostatic massage before the needle biopsy or radical prostatectomy. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed on all collected samples.ResultsThe patients' mean age was 62.4 (±5.5) years. We observed higher expressions of TMPRSS2:ERG fusion in tissue, urine, and blood samples from the RRP group than in samples from the control group. Overall, the fusion was present in urine samples of 23 RRP patients (57.5%). To predict high-stage cancer (>T3a), the Gleason score was the only significant factor in the logistic regression analysis (score, 10.579; p=0.001). Quantitative evaluation of the gene fusion in tissue (Pearson r=0.36, p=0.011) and urine (Pearson r=0.34, p=0.014) samples had a significant positive correlation with the preoperative prostate-specific antigen level.ConclusionsUrine sediments collected after prostatic massage appear to be a feasible noninvasive method of detecting TMPRSS2:ERG fusion. The Gleason score is the only significant factor to predict high-stage cancer (>T3a). No correlation between TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion status and tumor stage, Gleason grade, prostate-specific antigen level, or surgical margin status was observed.

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“…The development of novel biomarkers for early cancer detection in blood or urine has the potential to improve patients' diagnosis, although many of them (e.g. alphamethylacyl-CoA racemase, or TMPRSS2-ERG6 fusion gene) are at an early stage of development and require evaluation in prospective trials [2]. Therefore, the identification of membrane antigens or biomarkers using immunohistochemical techniques has become important for the diagnosis, prognosis, classification and treatment evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Ki-67 (MIB-1) and GLUT-1 proteins in non-advanced prostatic cancer

Łuczyńska

Gasińska²,

Wilk³

2012

pjp

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The expression of Ki-67 (MIB-1) and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) were evaluated in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer (PC) who had undergone radical prostatectomy with curative intent. 140 low advanced PC specimens were studied. Protein expression was assessed immunohistochemically on tumour sections and expressed as a labelling index, i.e. the percentage of positively stained cells. In the case of Ki-67 nuclear staining and in the case of GLUT-1 membrane and cytoplasmic staining was considered as positive. The patients' mean age was 62.9 ±6.2 years. There were 13 (9.3%) at pTNM stage 1, 78 (55.7%) at stage 2, 40 (28.6%) at stage 3 and 9 (6.4%) at stage 4, respectively. 75 (53.6%) tumours were well differentiated (Gleason score ≤ 6), 52 (37.1%) moderately differentiated (Gleason score of 7) and 13 (9.3%) poorly differentiated (Gleason score 8-10). The mean pre-operative serum PSA was 9.9 ± SE 0.5 ng/ml, and the mean LI was equal to 8.1 ±0.6% and 29.7 ±2.0%, for MIB-1 and GLUT-1, respectively. Increase of pathological tumor volume and tumor grade was associated with statistically significant growth of PSA (p < 0.011) and MIB-1 LI (p < 0.003), however, for GLUT-1 LI the relation was not significant. Ki-67 expression was correlated with PSA levels (p = 0.013) and GLUT-1 scores (p = 0.04). In PC, an increase in the proliferation rate (higher MIB-1 LI) in higher pTNM stages and tumour grades may point to Ki-67 as a good marker of biological aggressiveness useful in selecting patients for more aggressive treatment. A correlation between proliferation and GLUT-1 score may be the evidence of active glycolytic metabolism in hypoxic regions.

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Beyond Prostate-specific Antigen — Future Biomarkers for the Early Detection and Management of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 13 publications

References 77 publications

Pathology Consultation on Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing

Pathology Consultation on Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing

Preliminary Results of Noninvasive Detection ofTMPRSS2:ERGGene Fusion in a Cohort of Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer

Expression of Ki-67 (MIB-1) and GLUT-1 proteins in non-advanced prostatic cancer

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