2022
DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.895443
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Beyond Pain Scales: A Critical Phenomenology of the Expression of Pain

Abstract: In this paper, we discuss the qualitative dimension of painful experiences by exploring the role of imagination and metaphorical association in the conceptualization and expression of pain. We employ an engaged critical-phenomenological approach to offer original analysis influenced by the perspectives of people in pain. The paper is organized into three parts. Part 1 reviews literature on the expression of pain, its communication, and its reception—attending in particular to the emphasis on verbalizing pain i… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(9 citation statements)
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References 53 publications
(70 reference statements)
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“…Self-report is a proxy of inner experience. Pain questionnaires splinter a person's experience and may decontextualize care ( 4 , 5 ). The organic nature of art practice enables people to express holistic and contextualised experience with or without pain, offering novel ways of gaining insight to a person's state-of-being, self-identity and pain experience ( 6 ).…”
Section: Discussion: Perspectives Insights and Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Self-report is a proxy of inner experience. Pain questionnaires splinter a person's experience and may decontextualize care ( 4 , 5 ). The organic nature of art practice enables people to express holistic and contextualised experience with or without pain, offering novel ways of gaining insight to a person's state-of-being, self-identity and pain experience ( 6 ).…”
Section: Discussion: Perspectives Insights and Implicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Self-isolation is an evolutionary adaptation that aids survival following injury, and people will have self-isolated in the Medieval Period, although this seems to have been heightened in modern times. The rise in individualism and the inability to adequately share pain in health care settings appear to be contributing factors ( 42 , 43 ). Conversely, technological developments have enabled sharing of pain via the world wide web and social media, enabling global reach way beyond the confines of local groups and communities.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such processes may contribute to positive emotional experiences associated with bodily sensations, as shown in phenomenological reports (Eschrich et al, 2008), as well as in the participant's testimonials referring to a variety of relief sensations in her spine, legs, and feet according to each type of music listened at different times and contexts. Imagination on the body may constitute a top-down element so that pain or relief experiences become figurative providing awareness and control over them (Miglio and Stanier, 2022).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Its effects comprise imagination and metaphors that can only be understood subjectively. In addition, there are a few spaces where people living with pain or who have tried alternative therapies can share their experiences without stigma (Miglio and Stanier, 2022).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%