Beyond Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance, Clinical Spectrum of Immunoglobulin M Gammopathy: A Case Series with Focus on the Diagnostic and Management Challenges
Abstract:Immunoglobulin M monoclonal gammopathy is detected in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), a rare lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with serum immunoglobulin M. We report three rare presentations with focus on diagnostic and management challenges of type I cryoglobulinemia, type II cryoglobulinemia, and Bing–Neel syndrome. In approximately 10% of WM cases, macroglobulins can precipitate to cryoglobulins. Type I and II cryoglobulinemia, representing 10–15% and 50–60% of WM cases, respectively, present with vasculitis a… Show more
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