Beyond Memorability: Visualization Recognition and Recall

Borkin, Michelle A.; Bylinskii, Zoya; Kim, Nam Wook; Bainbridge, Constance M.; Yeh, Chelsea; Borkin, Daniel; Pfister, Hanspeter; Oliva, Aude

doi:10.1109/tvcg.2015.2467732

Cited by 261 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The baseline was 89 points. By extending the baseline numerosity in two ways, we obtained all 13 levels, which formed a 2-octave range [69] as follows: 11,15,22,31,44,63,89,127,180,256,363,515, and 730 points. The points were sampled from a 2D normal distribution with…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mid-level perceptions are understandings gained from stimuli patterns, such as correlation [51,52] and cluster separation [62,67,78]. Highlevel perceptions, such as memorability [11], aesthetics [30], and engagement [54], are user cognition built upon the understandings. In this work, we investigate the effect of scatterplot scaling on perceived visual features.…”

Section: Perceptions Of Scatterplotmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Perceptual Bias During Geometric Scaling of Scatterplots

Wei

Mei

Zhao

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics

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Scatterplots are frequently scaled to fit display areas in multi-view and multi-device data analysis environments. A common method used for scaling is to enlarge or shrink the entire scatterplot together with the inside points synchronously and proportionally. This process is called geometric scaling. However, geometric scaling of scatterplots may cause a perceptual bias, that is, the perceived and physical values of visual features may be dissociated with respect to geometric scaling. For example, if a scatterplot is projected from a laptop to a large projector screen, then observers may feel that the scatterplot shown on the projector has fewer points than that viewed on the laptop. This paper presents an evaluation study on the perceptual bias of visual features in scatterplots caused by geometric scaling. The study focuses on three fundamental visual features (i.e., numerosity, correlation, and cluster separation) and three hypotheses that are formulated on the basis of our experience. We carefully design three controlled experiments by using well-prepared synthetic data and recruit participants to complete the experiments on the basis of their subjective experience. With a detailed analysis of the experimental results, we obtain a set of instructive findings. First, geometric scaling causes a bias that has a linear relationship with the scale ratio. Second, no significant difference exists between the biases measured from normally and uniformly distributed scatterplots. Third, changing the point radius can correct the bias to a certain extent. These findings can be used to inspire the design decisions of scatterplots in various scenarios.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perceptions Of Scatterplotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Perceptual Bias During Geometric Scaling of Scatterplots

Wei

Mei

Zhao

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics

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“…We also see the embellishment of charts [3,30] with human-recognizable objects [11] and the inclusion of graphics not related to the data [7]. These noticeable aesthetic design choices [24] and additional layers of annotative and embellishment may contribute to positive first impressions with an information graphic [12], and there is evidence to suggest that they increase reader comprehension [17] and memorability [4][5][6]. Hullman and Adar [14] argue that while some embellishments make information graphics more difficult to interpret, their judicious application may help readers comprehend and recall content in some cases.…”

Section: Visualization In Data Journalismmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Added components include explanation text (or exp. text), highlights (e.g., the vertical arrow in Figure 1, the red bar in this thumbnail [https://econ.st/2ZhL5os] , Human Recognizable Objects (HROs) [5]), and Graphics Not Relevant to Data (GNRD) in order to capture all forms of graphical embellishment. HROs are pictorial components used in legends (e.g., the Apple and Microsoft logos in Figure 1 and a small human object in this thumbnailhttps://bit.ly/2YenA2V or to encode data points [11] GNRDs are images or illustrations that reflect the article's context but are not directly related the data, such as the blue image (bottom-right) in this thumbnail https://bit.ly/2YenA2V.…”

Section: A Survey Of Visualization Thumbnailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thumbnails for Data Stories: A Survey of Current Practices

Kim

Han

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Visualization Conference (VIS)

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When people browse online news, small thumbnail images accompanying links to articles attract their attention and help them to decide which articles to read. As an increasing proportion of online news can be construed as data journalism, we have witnessed a corresponding increase in the incorporation of visualization in article thumbnails. However, there is little research to support alternative design choices for visualization thumbnails, which include resizing, cropping, simplifying, and embellishing charts appearing within the body of the associated article. We therefore sought to better understand these design choices and determine what makes a visualization thumbnail inviting and interpretable. This paper presents our findings from a survey of visualization thumbnails collected online and from conversations with data journalists and news graphics designers. Our study reveals that there exists an uncharted design space, one that is in need of further empirical study. Our work can thus be seen as a first step toward providing structured guidance on how to design thumbnails for data stories.

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“…The impact on memorability was explored by studies focusing on visual embellishments [Bateman et al, 2010], visual features in network diagrams [Marriott et al, 2012], landscape visualizations [Tory et al, 2009] and pictographic representations [Haroz et al, 2015]. Others followed a more general approach and investigated which types of visualizations or specific characteristics support memorization [Borkin et al, 2013[Borkin et al, , 2016.…”

Section: Memorability and Data Representationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Physical Visualizations

Stusak¹

2015

Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction

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The goal of an external representation of abstract data is to provide insights and convey information about the structure of the underlying data, therefore helping people execute tasks and solve problems more effectively. Apart from the popular and well-studied digital visualization of abstract data there are other scarcely studied perceptual channels to represent data such as taste, sound or haptic. My thesis focuses on the latter and explores in which ways human knowledge and ability to sense and interact with the physical non-digital world can be used to enhance the way in which people analyze and explore abstract data. Emerging technological progress in digital fabrication allow an easy, fast and inexpensive production of physical objects. Machines such as laser cutters and 3D printers enable an accurate fabrication of physical visualizations with different form factors as well as materials. This creates, for the first time, the opportunity to study the potential of physical visualizations in a broad range.The thesis starts with the description of six prototypes of physical visualizations from static examples to digitally augmented variations to interactive artifacts. Based on these explorations, three promising areas of potential for physical visualizations were identified and investigated in more detail: perception & memorability, communication & collaboration, and motivation & self-reflection.The results of two studies in the area of information recall showed that participants who used a physical bar chart retained more information compared to the digital counterpart. Particularly facts about maximum and minimum values were be remembered more efficiently, when they were perceived from a physical visualization.Two explorative studies dealt with the potential of physical visualizations regarding communication and collaboration. The observations revealed the importance on the design and aesthetic of physical visualizations and indicated a great potential for their utilization by audiences with less interest in technology. The results also exposed the current limitations of physical visualizations, especially in contrast to their well-researched digital counterparts.In the area of motivation we present the design and evaluation of the Activity Sculptures project. We conducted a field study, in which we investigated physical visualizations of personal running activity. It was discovered that these sculptures generated curiosity and experimentation regarding the personal running behavior as well as evoked social dynamics such as discussions and competition.Based on the findings of the aforementioned studies this thesis concludes with two theoretical contributions on the design and potential of physical visualizations. On the one hand, it proposes a conceptual framework for material representations of personal data by describing a production and consumption lens. The goal is to encourage artists and designers working in the field of personal informatics to harness the interactive capabilities af...

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Beyond Memorability: Visualization Recognition and Recall

Cited by 261 publications

References 39 publications

Evaluating Perceptual Bias During Geometric Scaling of Scatterplots

Evaluating Perceptual Bias During Geometric Scaling of Scatterplots

Thumbnails for Data Stories: A Survey of Current Practices

Exploring the Potential of Physical Visualizations

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