Beyond latent and active tuberculosis: a scoping review of conceptual frameworks

Zaidi, Syed M.A.; Coussens, Anna K.; Seddon, James A.; Kredo, Tamara; Warner, Digby; Houben, Rein M.G.J.; Esmail, Hanif

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102332

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Recognizing the urgent need for diagnostic tests with improved performance and predictive value in identifying individuals at risk of progressing to active TB, it is essential to evaluate the performance of TB infection tests across diverse risk groups 27 . The spectrum of TB encompasses a range of disease states, including minimal (non-infectious), subclinical (asymptomatic but infectious), and clinical (symptomatic and infectious) 2 . Understanding this spectrum is vital for comprehensive disease management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of QIAreach QuantiFERON-TB compared to QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahmoudi,

Nourazar

2024

Sci Rep

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Accurate tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis remains challenging, especially in resource-limited settings. This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of the QIAreach QuantiFERON-TB (QFT) assay, with a specific focus on comparing its diagnostic performance with the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus). We systematically reviewed relevant individual studies on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 20, 2024. The focus was on evaluating the diagnostic parameters of the QIAreach QFT assay for TB infection, which included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and concordance with the QFT-Plus assay. QIAreach QFT demonstrated strong diagnostic performance with a pooled sensitivity of 99% (95% CI 95–100%) and specificity of 94% (95% CI 85–97%). Additionally, it showed a PLR of 15.6 (95% CI 6.5–37.5) and NLR of 0.01 (95% CI 0–0.03). The pooled PPV and NPV were 88% (95% CI 70–98%) and 100% (95% CI 99–100%), respectively. Concordance analysis with QFT-Plus revealed a pooled positive percent agreement of 98% (95% CI 88–100%) and pooled negative percent agreement of 91% (95% CI 81–97%), with a pooled overall percent agreement of 92% (95% CI 83–98). In conclusion, QIAreach QFT has shown promising diagnostic performance, with a strong concordance with QFT-Plus. However, further studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate its diagnostic performance in the context of TB infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decade, the conventional understanding of TB has faced increasing challenges 2 – 4 . In recent years, there has been a growing demand for advanced point-of-care diagnostic assays driven by the need for rapid and simultaneous detection in diverse samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of QIAreach QuantiFERON-TB compared to QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahmoudi,

Nourazar

2024

Sci Rep

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“…Replacement of the binary paradigm in which TB was historically categorised as either “latent” or “active”, with a new paradigm in which TB is viewed instead as a spectrum or continuum of distinct disease states from latent to incipient, subclinical and active TB, stands out as one of the most important scientific advances in recent years 21 , 22 . This paradigm shift has profound implications for TB control by underscoring the urgent need for research to establish improved strategies to find, diagnose and treat people with TB at all points along the continuum, but especially those with early TB, before irreversible lung damage is sustained.…”

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confidence: 99%

A spotlight on the tuberculosis epidemic in South Africa

2024

Nat Commun

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Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, with over 25% of these occurring in the African region. Multi-drug resistant strains which do not respond to first-line antibiotics continue to emerge, putting at risk numerous public health strategies which aim to reduce incidence and mortality. Here, we speak with Professor Valerie Mizrahi, world-leading researcher and former director of the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine at the University of Cape Town, regarding the tuberculosis burden in South Africa. We discuss the challenges faced by researchers, the lessons that need to be learnt and current innovations to better understand the overall response required to accelerate progress.

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Present outlooks on the prevalence of minimal and subclinical tuberculosis and current diagnostic tests: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mahmoudi,

Hamidi,

Drain

2024

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Beyond latent and active tuberculosis: a scoping review of conceptual frameworks

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of QIAreach QuantiFERON-TB compared to QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of QIAreach QuantiFERON-TB compared to QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A spotlight on the tuberculosis epidemic in South Africa

Present outlooks on the prevalence of minimal and subclinical tuberculosis and current diagnostic tests: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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