“…Music is universal in that it is 'universally present throughout the world' (Urbain, 2019: 336) and 'in the sense that people widely separated by language and culture can learn to love the same music' (Nussbaum, 2001: 263) but universal does not mean that music is 'universal in the sense that this 44 Acting Together (2018). 45 Music has been used in many post-conflict countries, for example Rwanda (Amanze, 2015), Angola (Zelizer, 2007), Cambodia (Cohen, 2007;Hirsch, 2010), Northern Ireland (Pruitt, 2011), Colombia (Garcia, 2014;Hirsch, 2010), Peru (Hirsch, 2010), Ex-Yugoslavia/Balkans (Bahun, 2020;Balandina, 2010;Robertson, 2010) and Sri Lanka (Sandoval, 2016), South Africa (Banks, 2011;Gray, 2007), Cyprus (Ungerleider, 1999) and Nepal (Sisal, 2019) to name a few. See also the edited volume by Ubaldo and Hintjens (eds.)…”