Beyond early development: <i>Xenopus</i> as an emerging model for the study of regenerative mechanisms

Beck, Caroline W.; Belmonte, Juan Carlos Izpisúa; Christen, Bea

doi:10.1002/dvdy.21890

Cited by 145 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Xenopus laevis tadpole tail regeneration provides an ideal model with which to address these questions (Love et al, 2013;Reid et al, 2009). The tail comprises epidermis, muscle, blood vessels and spinal cord, making it a prime model for biomedical research (Beck et al, 2009;Deuchar, 1975). In addition, the fluctuating regenerative abilities of tails through developmental stages offer unique opportunities to study regeneration-deficient tails, in the refractory period (Beck et al, 2003), using the same model organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early bioelectric activities mediate redox-modulated regeneration

et al. 2016

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electric currents modulate regeneration; however, the interplay between biochemical and biophysical signals during regeneration remains poorly understood. We investigate the interactions between redox and bioelectric activities during tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We show that inhibition of NADPH oxidase-mediated production of ROS, or scavenging or blocking their diffusion into cells, impairs regeneration and consistently regulates the dynamics of membrane potential, transepithelial potential (TEP) and electric current densities (J I ) during regeneration. Depletion of ROS mimics the altered TEP and J I observed in the non-regenerative refractory period. Short-term application of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) rescues (from depleted ROS) and induces (from the refractory period) regeneration, TEP increase and J I reversal. H 2 O 2 is therefore necessary for and sufficient to induce regeneration and to regulate TEP and J I . Epistasis assays show that voltage-gated Na + channels act downstream of H 2 O 2 to modulate regeneration. Altogether, these results suggest a novel mechanism for regeneration via redoxbioelectric orchestration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early bioelectric activities mediate redox-modulated regeneration

et al. 2016

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“…Tissue regeneration has been previously studied using both amphibian and fish models (Johnson and Weston, 1995;Geraudie and Singer, 1992;Brockes, 1997;Jazwinska et al, 2007;Beck et al, 2009;Contreras et al, 2009;Kragl et al, 2009;Calve et al, 2010). In this study, we examined zebrafish caudal fin regeneration after repeated injuries at different ages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is likely due to reduced progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation (Janzen et al, 2006;Collins et al, 2007;Nave, 2008;Kirschner et al, 2010). While amphibians have long been the central characters employed in studies on tissue or organ regeneration (Brockes, 1997;Beck et al, 2009;Contreras et al, 2009;Kragl et al, 2009;Calve et al, 2010), the zebrafish (Danio rerio) have recently emerged as a new vertebrate model for genetic studies of tissue/ organ regeneration. Like amphibians, zebrafish exhibit an enhanced capability of regenerating adult tissues, which include retina, spinal cord, kidney, heart, and fin (Poss et al, 2000a(Poss et al, ,b, 2002aNechiporuk and Keating, 2002;Nechiporuk et al, 2003;Jazwinska et al, 2007;Schoenebeck et al, 2007;Tsai et al, 2007;Qin et al, 2009;Jopling et al, 2010;Thummel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue regeneration after injury in adult zebrafish: The regenerative potential of the caudal fin

Chen

Cui

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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The zebrafish has the potential to regenerate many of its tissues. In this study, we examined caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish that received repeated injuries (fin amputation) at different ages. In zebrafish that received repeated injuries, the potential for caudal fin regeneration, such as tissue growth and the expression of regeneration marker genes (msxb, fgf20a, bmp2b), did not decline in comparison to zebrafish that received only one amputation surgery. The process of initial fin regeneration (e.g., tissue outgrowth and the expression of regeneration marker genes at 7 days post-amputation) did not seem to correlate with age. However, slight differences in fin outgrowth were observed between young and old animals when examined in the late regeneration stages (e.g., 20 and 30 days post-amputation). Together, the data suggest that zebrafish has unlimited regenerative potential in the injured caudal fin. Developmental Dynamics 240:1271-1277,

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“…Limb regeneration in Xenopus involves numerous signaling pathways (Beck et al, 2009), including BMP (Beck et al, 2006), Fgf (Yokoyama et al, 2000), and Wnt (Kawakami et al, 2006). Regulation of Sall4 expression during reprogramming and maintenance of pluripotency in ESC and somatic stem cells and probably during patterning also involves numerous context-dependent signaling pathways .…”

Section: Signaling Pathways Regulating Sall4 Expression During Limb Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dedifferentiation and the role of sall4 in reprogramming and patterning during amphibian limb regeneration

Neff

King

Mescher

2011

Developmental Dynamics

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A central feature of epimorphic regeneration during amphibian limb regeneration is cellular dedifferentiation. Two questions are discussed. First, what is the origin and nature of the soluble factors involved in triggering local cellular and tissue dedifferentiation? Secondly, what role does the key stem cell transcription factor Sall4 play in reprogramming gene expression during dedifferentiation? The pattern of Sall4 expression during Xenopus hindlimb regeneration is consistent with the hypothesis that Sall4 plays a role in dedifferentiation (reprogramming) and in maintaining limb blastema cells in an undifferentiated state. Sall4 is involved in maintenance of ESC pluripotency, is a major repressor of differentiation, plays a major role in reprogramming differentiated cells into iPSCs, and is a component of the stemness regulatory circuit of pluripotent ESCs and iPSCs. These functions suggest Sall4 as an excellent candidate to regulate reprogramming events that produce and maintain dedifferentiated blastema cells required for epimorphic regeneration. Developmental Dynamics 240:979-989,

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Beyond early development: Xenopus as an emerging model for the study of regenerative mechanisms

Cited by 145 publications

References 152 publications

Early bioelectric activities mediate redox-modulated regeneration

Early bioelectric activities mediate redox-modulated regeneration

Tissue regeneration after injury in adult zebrafish: The regenerative potential of the caudal fin

Dedifferentiation and the role of sall4 in reprogramming and patterning during amphibian limb regeneration

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