Beyond BMI: Pregnancy-related weight stigma increases risk of gestational diabetes

Nagpal, Taniya S.; Tomiyama, A. Janet; Rodriguez, Angela C. Incollingo

doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.07.002

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“… 71 Research amongst people with type 1 diabetes has also linked experienced diabetes stigma with poor glycaemic control and a recent study even linked experienced weight stigma with an increased risk of developing GDM. 72 , 73 Thus, the identified short-term consequences in our study also indicate that there might be a high risk of elevated long-term disease progression among women with GDM who experience GDM-specific stigma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The stigma associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A scoping review

Davidsen¹,

Maindal²,

Rod³

et al. 2022

eClinicalMedicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

The stigma associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A scoping review

Davidsen¹,

Maindal²,

Rod³

et al. 2022

eClinicalMedicine

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“…*Correspondence: tnagpal@ualberta.ca depression, gestational diabetes, and reduced breastfeeding [10][11][12]. Furthermore, there is a correlation between frequency of weight stigmatizing experiences in pregnancy and maternal body mass index (BMI), suggesting pregnant individuals who have higher weights or obesity are at greater risk of weight stigma and potential associated complications [11].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with non-pregnant individuals have consistently shown a relationship between experiencing weight stigma and poor health outcomes and behaviours such as glucose intolerance, increased risk for depression and eating disorders, and avoiding physical activity settings [ 6 – 9 ]. Weight stigma has also been associated with poor prenatal outcomes such as postpartum depression, gestational diabetes, and reduced breastfeeding [ 10 – 12 ]. Furthermore, there is a correlation between frequency of weight stigmatizing experiences in pregnancy and maternal body mass index (BMI), suggesting pregnant individuals who have higher weights or obesity are at greater risk of weight stigma and potential associated complications [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring weight bias internalization in pregnancy

Nagpal

Salas

Vallis

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Recent research has shown that pregnant individuals experience weight stigma throughout gestation, including negative comments and judgement associated with gestational weight gain (GWG). Weight bias internalization (WBI) is often a result of exposure to weight stigma and is detrimental to biopsychological health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore WBI in pregnancy and compare scores based on maternal weight-related factors including pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), obesity diagnosis and excessive GWG. Methods Pregnant individuals in Canada and USA completed a modified version of the Adult Weight Bias Internalization Scale. Self-reported pre-pregnancy height and weight were collected to calculate and classify pre-pregnancy BMI. Current weight was also reported to calculate GWG, which was then classified as excessive or not based on Institute of Medicine (2009) guidelines. Participants indicated if they were diagnosed with obesity by a healthcare provider. Inferential analyses were performed comparing WBI scores according to pre-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG, and obesity diagnosis. Significance was accepted as p < 0.05 and effect sizes accompanied all analyses. Result 336 pregnant individuals completed the survey, with an average WBI score of 3.9 ± 1.2. WBI was higher among those who had a pre-pregnancy BMI of obese than normal weight (p = 0.04, η2 = 0.03), diagnosed with obesity than not diagnosed (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.3), and gained excessively versus not (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.2). Conclusions Pregnant individuals who have a higher BMI, obesity and gain excessively may experience WBI. Given that weight stigma frequently occurs in pregnancy, effective person-oriented strategies are needed to mitigate stigma and prevent and care for WBI.

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“…It is important to highlight the importance of folic acid intake (5 mg per day) until the 12 th week of pregnancy to reduce the risk of congenital anomalies of the nervous system (3,4).…”

Section: Pregnancy Planning and Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If proteinuria is present, examine the urine bacteriologically. 4. Assess the state of the retina with an ophthalmological examination of the state of the retina performed by an ophthalmologist specializing in retinal diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal monitoring of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus

Macura

Dugalić

Todorović

et al. 2022

Sanamed

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Preconception and prenatal monitoring evaluate the condition of the mother's underlying disease and possible complications during pregnancy. Before conception, patients with diabetes should be informed that suboptimal glycoregulation is associated with reduced fertility and pregnancy losses. The task of the perinatologist in pregnancies affected by diabetes mellitus is to prevent complications of the underlying disease, such as hypoglycemic crises. Another important component of prenatal care in diabetic pregnancies is the recognition and prevention of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, congenital malformations, fetal macrosomia, and infections.

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Beyond BMI: Pregnancy-related weight stigma increases risk of gestational diabetes

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

The stigma associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A scoping review

The stigma associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A scoping review

Exploring weight bias internalization in pregnancy

Prenatal monitoring of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus

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