“…In this paper, we follow a strand of literature endogenizing TFP. 6 These papers argue how technological change, as in Aghion and Howitt (1998), Grossman and Helpman (1991), Romer (1990), impediments to new technology adoption, as in Parente and Prescott (1996), externalities, as in Romer (1986) and Lucas (1988), sectoral development, as in Kongsamut et al (2001), cost reductions, as in Harberger (1998), and the importance of institutions, as in Banerjee and Duflo (2005), Restuccia andRogerson (2008), andHsieh andKlenow (2008) affect the aggregate TFP. We also endogenize TFP and by doing so, we provide a theoretical explanation of why recessions may have a "cleansing effect" on TFP and why business cycle fluctuations can arise endogenously.…”