Beyond appreciation and rejection: reactions of Europeans without a migration background to being an ethnic minority

Kraus, Lisa-Marie

doi:10.1080/1369183x.2023.2182549

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Hence, I always say, 'Just let it be,' out of fear for my child." For these families, the racial-ethnic diversity in their surrounding seems to be associated with the feeling of being a minority and invoke fears of marginalization, to which they react with "us vs. them" beliefs (Kraus, 2023).…”

Section: Overtly Reinforcing Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining Whiteness in a Superdiverse Context: White German Parents' Racial-Ethnic Socialization

Kaiser,

Moffitt,

Hagelskamp

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objective: We aimed to explore the domains of white German parents’ racial-ethnic socialization (RES) in a superdiverse context.Background: White individuals are becoming numerical minorities in many Western European cities, despite persistent white supremacy. In this context, some white individuals embrace diversity, whereas others perceive it as a threat. Understanding white parents’ RES in diverse contexts is crucial, as parents play a pivotal role in shaping their children's beliefs and behaviors.Method: We conducted qualitative interviews with 12 white German parents of elementary school aged children and employed reflexive thematic analysis to analyze the data.Results: We identified four main themes: silence about race, adhering to white normativity, overtly reinforcing racism, and diversity socialization. Conclusion: RES among white parents is a mechanism that can uphold or resist white supremacy. All parents’ messaging included aspects of both, indicating an ongoing embrace of white normativity and supremacy in this superdiverse context, but also an emerging consciousness of own privileges.Implications: Fostering environments that reject white supremacy demands change at all systemic levels. Interventions to bridge the gap between emerging awareness and concrete actions, guiding parents in exploring and addressing racial-ethnic topics, are one vital puzzle piece to disrupt the intergenerational transmission of racism.

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Section: Overtly Reinforcing Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining Whiteness in a Superdiverse Context: White German Parents' Racial-Ethnic Socialization

Kaiser,

Moffitt,

Hagelskamp

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…While previous research has focussed on the reactions of White Americans to becoming a future numerical minority on the national level (e.g., Craig & Richeson, 2014a, 2014bCraig et al, 2018;Outten et al, 2012Outten et al, , 2018 or on understanding the attitudes of people without a migration background living in majority-minority neighbourhoods towards multiculturalism (Kraus, 2023;Kraus & Daenekindt, 2021), there is a lack of in-depth information on how people without a migration background understand and experience places where they are a numerical ethnic minority locally. To fill this gap in the literature, we examine how such situations play out and how people without a migration background participate in neighbourhood contexts in which they form a numerical ethnic minority.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being an Ethnic Minority: Belonging Uncertainty of People Without a Migration Background

Kraus,

Keskiner,

Crul

2024

Self Cite

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We delve into the implications of the national ethnic majority being a minority in local settings by examining their daily experiences when they find themselves outnumbered by other ethnic groups in their neighbourhood. Drawing on the theory of “belonging uncertainty,” this article explores the variety of ways in which people without a migration background cope with such situations. Belonging uncertainty is the feeling that “people like me do not belong here.” Based on in‐depth interviews (<em>n</em> = 20) conducted in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods in Vienna, we argue that the experience of belonging uncertainty results in two different coping strategies: avoidance of spaces numerically dominated by another ethnic group or learning to overcome belonging uncertainty. Some people without a migration background often perceive spaces where another ethnicity is the numerical majority as exclusionary, even if they are not explicitly excluded, and accordingly, they avoid such contexts. Others develop strategies that allow them to establish a feeling of belonging in spaces where they initially experienced belonging uncertainty. As such, some individuals overcome the feeling of belonging uncertainty.

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“…In line with the ‘becoming a minority’ (BAM) project, this study zooms in on the local context (e.g. Kraus 2023 , in this special issue; Wallace and Favell 2023 , in this special issue), to better understand the impacts of changing the local demographic landscape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From culturalisation to individuation: the role of urban spaces in shaping intergroup contacts and symbolic boundary perceptions

Knipprath

2023

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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This article investigates ethnic boundary perceptions among people without a migration background living in majority-minority neighbourhoods in six western European cities. The main research question is whether people without migration background who have contact with migrant groups in their everyday life surroundings perceive ethnic boundaries as blurred (i.e. individuation) or as bright (i.e. culturalisation). The main argument of this article is that boundary perceptions are importantly shaped by the specific urban micro-setting in which people come into contact with migrant groups. Drawing on data from a large-scale survey conducted in Amsterdam, Antwerp, Hamburg, Rotterdam, Malmo and Vienna, the study examines how urban micro-setting affects ethnic boundary perceptions (i.e. individuation or culturalisation). The results show that contact with migrant groups in parochial spaces is significantly and strongly related to the blurring of group boundaries (i.e. individuation), while exposure in public spaces has no significant effect on boundary perceptions.

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Beyond appreciation and rejection: reactions of Europeans without a migration background to being an ethnic minority

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Maintaining Whiteness in a Superdiverse Context: White German Parents' Racial-Ethnic Socialization

Maintaining Whiteness in a Superdiverse Context: White German Parents' Racial-Ethnic Socialization

Being an Ethnic Minority: Belonging Uncertainty of People Without a Migration Background

From culturalisation to individuation: the role of urban spaces in shaping intergroup contacts and symbolic boundary perceptions

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