Beyond androgyny: The emergence of sex-role transcendence as a theoretical construct

Robinson, Bryan E.; Green, Michael G.

doi:10.1016/0273-2297(81)90020-4

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Early research was largely concerned with the association of masculinity and femininity with psychological adjustments and 'appropriate' sex-role behaviours, with the assumption that a 'healthy' or 'normal' development entailed sex-role identification with one's own biological sex (Robinson and Green 1981). The implicit desirability of sex-role conformity was built flrmly into measures of masculinity and femininity which had significant implications for research and practice into such areas as mental health and deviance.…”

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1970s witnessed a clear paradigm shift in thinking about the association of gender and mental health and well-being in psychology (Robinson and Green 1981). Bem (1974) argued that strongly sex-typed individuals may be limited in the range of behaviours available to them from situation to situation.…”

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a response repertoire containing a 'balance' of masculinity and femininity, the 'androgynous' individual is said to be able to call forth both 'masculine' and 'feminine' responses according to the dehiands of various social contexts (Taylor andHall 1982, Robinson andGreen 1981). Some situations are felt to require a 'feminine' and some a 'masculine' response, and individuals who are able to adapt to such situational demands are seen as superior in social skills, better adapted to the social environment and, consequently, in better mental health.…”

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such it is a 'socio-cultural' theory (Robinson and Green 1981) and (as we will see, below) explicit sex-role stereotypes are drawn upon in categorising individuals into sex-role 'types.' This can be highlighted by contrasting androgyny theory to sex-role transcendence theory (Rebecca et al 1976) which argues that individuals have the potential to reach a stage where gender is never used as a criterion for action.…”

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Masculinity, femininity and sex: an exploration of their relative contribution to explaining gender differences in health

Annandale

Hunt

1990

Sociology Health & Illness

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emergence of gender as a major area of interest in medical sociology in the 1970s set an exciting agenda for future research. However, despite a growing literature, our understanding of the mechanisms linking gender and health has advanced little in recent years. This may, in part, be due to problems in conceptualising gender. In particular, despite theoretical advances, biological sex and sociological gender continue to be conflated in empirical research. In this paper we argue that sex and gender are not necessarily coincidental and that gender roles and gender role orientations may cross-cut sex. We draw upon a recent tradition of research on gender role orientation in psychology which assesses the level of 'masculinity' and 'femininity' in an individual's self-concept through identification with traditionally 'masculine' and 'feminine'characteristics. Considering a range of health measures we conclude that the sex (male-female) differences that are traditionally found in research on gender and health may mask an association of 'femininity' with relatively poor health and 'masculinity' with relatively good health in both men and women.

show abstract

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Masculinity Femininity and Self Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Masculinity, femininity and sex: an exploration of their relative contribution to explaining gender differences in health

Annandale

Hunt

1990

Sociology Health & Illness

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sexual identity is a private understanding and is learned early in development, whereas sex role is the public expression of an individual's private understanding (Money & Erhardt, 1972). Sex role is a function of ego development, social learning, and cognitive processes (Offenbecher, 1991;Robinson & Green, 1981). Sex role-linked behaviors can change as a function of age (Fleishman, 1983a;Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974), life stage, or cross-cultural transition (Block, 1973).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Roles as Factors in Defense Mechanisms and Object Relations

Jüni

Grimm

1994

The Journal of Genetic Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For this study, 150 men and 164 women completed the Bem Sex-Role Inventory and the Defense Mechanisms Inventory. Data analyses showed that Turning Against the Object related negatively to femininity, Reversal of Affect related positively to femininity, and that the inner-oriented mode of object relations was associated with femininity. For women only, masculinity related positively with Principalization and Reversal of Affect, and negatively with Turning Against the Self. We interpret the results by viewing the measured defenses as being linked to aggression and its sex-role correlates.

show abstract

Sex‐role self‐concept measures and marketing: A research note

Stern

1988

Psychology and Marketing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reviews the sex‐role self‐concept measures developed before and after the 1970s used in marketing and consumer behavior research. The three most commonly used measures have been: CPI‐Fe in studies before 1971; PAQ between 1976–1978; BSRI from 1978‐present. Marketing studies have generally found that (1) biological sex is more influential than psychological sex traits, and (2) high masculinity is more influential than femininity traits. Socio‐economic changes during the 1970s, such as women's participation in the labor force and the shift from a manufacturing to a service economy, suggest future directions for gender research in the marketing areas of product, price, distribution, and promotion.

show abstract

Beyond androgyny: The emergence of sex-role transcendence as a theoretical construct

Cited by 15 publications

References 70 publications

Masculinity, femininity and sex: an exploration of their relative contribution to explaining gender differences in health

Masculinity, femininity and sex: an exploration of their relative contribution to explaining gender differences in health

Sex Roles as Factors in Defense Mechanisms and Object Relations

Sex‐role self‐concept measures and marketing: A research note

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About