Between Uterine Fibroid and High Cardiovascular Risk in Premenopausal Women

Abstract

Study Objective: To assess the association between major factors of cardiovascular risk and uterine fibroid in premenopausal women. Study Design: full prospective study. Materials and Methods. The study included 296 patients (mean age: 44.76 (5.65) years old). Patients were divided into two groups: study group — 160 women with confirmed uterine fibroid, and controls — 136 women without uterine fibroid, of similar age (44.36 (6.78) and 45.17 (5.23) years, respectively). Study Results. As compared to controls, women with fibroid had statistically higher rate of arterial hypertension (AH) (33.1% vs 10.3%, respectively, χ2 = 21.8, p = 0.001), metabolic disorders (7.5% vs 2.2%, χ2 = 4.283, р = 0.03), hypercholesterolemia (37.5% vs 18.3%, χ2 = 18.524, р = 0.001), overweight (35% vs 23.5%; χ2 = 4,.63, p = 0.03), and mean waist/ hip circumference ratio (р = 0.02). Regression analysis demonstrated independent positive correlations between uterine fibroid and AH (OR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.25–3.27, р = 0.004), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.82–3.79, р = 0.001), abdominal obesity (OR = 2.98; 95% CI: 1.95–4.19; р = 0.004), metabolic disorders (OR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.23–4.79; р = 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of smoking, anaemia, body mass index, main reproductive parameters between groups. Conclusion. Available information shows that the cardiovascular risk profile in premenopausal women is worse than in controls. A comprehensive study of metabolic and cardiovascular risk profiles and their association with uterine fibroid is required; it will allow mitigating the cardiovascular risk in this group of women by the time they enter the menopause. Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, uterine fibroid