Abstract:In the early nineteenth century, the populations of the former Duchy of Savoy increased the number of hamlet schools. These schools were integrated into the mountain socio-economic system and mainly financed by private funds, but were considered by the Sardinian monarchy as public establishments. This was not the case in France where hamlet schools were mostly established as private schools. After 1860, their integration into the French school system posed difficulties for the French government which intended … Show more
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