Between older adults' needs and the law: The Israeli Long Term Care Insurance Law from the Perspectives of Service Users and Providers

Abstract

The Israeli Long Term Care Insurance Law (LTCIL) was one of the first long term care insurances in the world to support older adults and their family members and allow them to stay in their homes for as long as possible. The present study aimed to evaluate the perspectives of older adults, their family members and home care workers regarding the LTCIL. Views of workers of the National Insurance Institute (NII), which is directly responsible for the enactment of the law, are also integrated. Interviews were conducted between June 2016 and June 2017. Thematic qualitative analysis is based on interviews with 15 NII workers, 31 older adults, 31 family members, and 6 paid home care workers. The present study stresses the tension between the LTCIL and older adults' perceived rights and needs. It also demonstrates how even though the NII workers are engaged with various stakeholders, they often lack direct contact with older adults, their family members and paid home care workers: those most directly influenced by the LTCIL. Policy considerations are discussed.

Perceived Discrimination and Stigma in the Context of the Long-Term Care Insurance Law from the Perspectives of Arabs and the Jews in the North of Israel

“…Given the prominent place the topic of perceived discrimination and stigma received during interviews, perceived discrimination and stigma became the focus of this study. Other themes that emerged during the coding process were delineated in papers on intergenerational solidarity in the Arab community [40] and perceptions of the NII in light of the Long-Term Care Insurance Law [41]. The focus of each paper on a specific core category was done using selective coding, which involves the identification of a core category and related themes which correspond with it [42].…”

The psychometric properties, confirmatory factor analysis, and cut‐off value for the Fraboni scale of ageism (FSA) in a sampling of healthcare workers

“…The bodies of elderly individuals who have experienced ageist discrimination may interpret these negative experiences as social stressors, and such experiences can directly affect health through hypothalamic‐hypophysis‐adrenal activation, and this, in turn, can lead to the secretion of cortisol and an increase in systemic inflammation 91 . Perceived ageism has well‐known and negative impacts on mental health 92,93 . Ageism makes people feel alone, 94 leads to symptoms of depression, 95 and may be an element of stress for which individuals are unable to develop effective coping mechanisms 96 .…”

“…91 Perceived ageism has well-known and negative impacts on mental health. 92,93 Ageism makes people feel alone, 94 leads to symptoms of depression, 95 and may be an element of stress for which individuals are unable to develop effective coping mechanisms. 96 Shin et al 48 48 It also reported that healthcare workers prefer to work with younger generations.…”

Review of evolution of the public long-term care insurance (LTCI) system in different countries: influence and challenge

“…The study concludes that LTCI, even when mandated and almost universal, may also generate welfare stigma due to the ways in which it is Thirdly, challenges from traditional social concepts or family relationships. For example, Whether in Europe (Costa-Font, 2010) or Israel (Ayalon, 2018), family relationships or family culture are correlated with the benefit coverage of LTCI. This is especially true in South Korea, which is heavily influenced by traditional East Asian culture.…”