“…First, a multiplicity of political variables may shape the intensity and character of regulatory enforcement (see Short, 2021, for a review), for example, the potential influence of elected officials and interest groups. Second, there are differences in the human and financial resources at the disposal of authorities (Alterman and Calor, 2020;McKay, 2003). Third, while enforcement activities must abide to bureaucratic protocols (Gurran et al, 2022;Harris, 2015;McKay, 2003), they also entail spaces of discretion and informality, as long shown by anthropologists of the state, legal geographers, sociologists and political scientists.…”