Between Hopes and Threats: New Migratory Birds Records on the Sawala Mandapa Education and Training Forest, Indonesia

Abstract

Java Island is one of the tropical areas for bird migration, especially the Asian-Australian flyway of migratory birds. The SMETF is one of the protected forest areas that migratory birds can visit in Java. This research aims to identify migratory birds in SMETF. Transect and point count methods are used to observe migratory bird movements and their activities. In the research area, four migratory birds were identified: Ficedula zanthopygia, Agropsar sturninus, Pernis ptilorhynchus o., and Accipiter soloensis. The first and second species showed many activities for four months from October 2020 to January 2021, and this is an indication that both are using the research site as a wintering habitat. The activities of the Pernis ptilorhynchus o., Accipiter soloensis were dominated by flying “flock” over the forest. Only the Pernis ptilorhynchus was observed carrying out hunting activities, indicating that this bird uses the area as a stopover area. This research also identified illegal hunting techniques, such as ngaleugeut and mikat, as severe threats to migratory birds in the SMETF.

Birding and Avitourism: Potential Analysis of Birds in the Buffer Villages Around Conservation Area

“…Lanius cristatus, Lanius tigrinus, and Ficedula zanthopygia are migratory birds from the songbird (Eaton et al 2021;MacKinnon et al 2010). Accipiter soloensis, Accipiter badius, and Pernis ptilorhyncus are migratory birds from the raptor (Germi 2005;Germi et al 2013;Iswandaru et al 2022;Nijman 2001Nijman , 2005Nijman et al 2006). Glareola maldivarum is a migratory bird from the waterbird (Gönner et al 2014;Susanto et al 2015).…”

“…The presence of these migratory birds is a unique attraction because they can only be found in the buffer village between October-April when their breeding habitat experiences winter. They migrate to the tropics for a warm environment and abundant food sources because it is available all year round (Iswandaru et al 2022;Sodhi et al 2011). This result indicated that the buffer villages around WKNP have the potential as wintering habitats or stopover areas.…”

“…The data collection used qualitative and quantitative methods through in-depth interviews with key informants (Iswandaru et al 2022). Key informants were chosen deliberately with the snowball technique (Albuquerque et al 2017).…”

“…In addition, birds play a role in the social culture of the Indonesian people as symbols of customs and beliefs as well as myths (Iskandar et al 2016). However, due to rapid sociocultural changes caused by economic pressures and the value of birds in the market (Iswandaru et al 2022), beliefs and myths are starting to be abandoned (Iskandar et al 2021). As a result, Indonesia is the second country with the highest threatened bird species in the world after Brazil (Lee et al 2016).…”

Composition and feeding guilds bird community in tropical peatland of Orang Kayo Hitam Forest Park buffer area, Jambi, Indonesia

“…Birds are wild animals that use the peat ecosystem as a place to live and find food (Pramudianto 2018). Ecologically, birds have an important role in dispersing seeds (Ning et al 2019) and helping flower pollination (Lindell and Thurston, 2013;Iswandaru et al 2022) and have a high sensitivity to climate change (Li et al 2021). Birds are one of the animals with the top position in the food chain, making them sensitive to prey and environmental changes (Egwumah et al 2017).…”