“…Lemkin (cited in Clavero, 2008), who coined the term genocide, has suggested that the term ethnocide can also be used as a synonym and in legal studies ethnocide often refers to cultural genocide and the cultural destruction of indigenous cultures (Clavero, 2008). In the 1970s, it was particularly used in relation to indigenous cultures in the Americas (Barabas and Bartholeme, 1973; Escobar, 1989; Lizot, 1976; Venkateswar, 2004), although later the concept has been used to explain the cultural destruction of different communities living in different countries (Casula, 2015; Clarke, 2001; Lemarchand, 1994; Williams, 2002). A report by the United Nations on the genocide of indigenous populations refers to ethnocide as follows:In cases where such [state] measures can be described as acts committed for the deliberate purpose of eliminating the culture of a group by systematically destructive and obstructive action, they could be deemed to constitute clear cases of ethnocide or cultural genocide.
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