Between DNA and protein - RNA editing in plant mitochondria

Schuster, W.; Wissinger, Bernd; Hiesel, Rudolf; Unseld, Michael; Gerold, Ernst; Knoop, Volker; Marchfelder, Anita; Binder, Stefan; Schöbel, Wolfgang A.; Scheike, Rupert; Gronger, Petra; Ternes, Rainer; Brennicke, Axel

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1991.810321.x

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The amino acid changes caused by RNA editing in mitochondria of higher plants generally increase the conformity of an amino acid sequence of angiosperms to the same sequence in other groups of organisms (Mulligan, 1991 ; Schuster et al, 1991). By comparison with the funga1 sequences, this is verified here only for 4-amino acid among the 10-amino acid changes observed (Figure 6).…”

Section: Rna Editingmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…As in most other instances of RNA editing reported for mitochondrial transcripts of higher plants (for review, see Mulligan, 1991 ;Schuster et al, 1991), only C-to-U changes have been observed. There is no explanation of why only the last 2 exons IV and V are affected by these changes.…”

Section: Rna Editingmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…RNA editing in mitochondrial transcripts of higher plants is well documented (for a review, see Mulligan, 1991 ;Schuster et al, 1991). Comparison of cDNA and the corresponding genomic sequences of the nad5 gene in wheat revealed 11 C-to-U editing events ( Figure 5) occurring only in exons IV (five changes) and V (six changes).…”

Section: Rna Editingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A trans-splicing model for the expression of the tripartite nad5 gene in wheat and maize mitochondria.

et al. 1991

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The mitochondrial single-copy gene nad5 of wheat and maize consists of 5 exons located on three widely separated regions of the genome that are independently transcribed. The first region contains exons I and II separated by an atypical group II intron; in the second region is exon III (only 22 bp long), which is flanked upstream by a maturaserelated open reading frame (ORF) and exon e of the nadl gene, and downstream by a previously unidentified ORF (ORF143); in the third region are exons IV and V separated by a group II intron. In maize, this last domain is flanked upstream by the genes rps72, nadd, and tRNASer and downstream by a chloroplast tRNACys. RNA editing occurs in wheat exons IV and V as C -t o 4 changes. A detailed analysis of the transcription of the nad5 gene in wheat and maize reveals that the exons are assembled into a 2.4-kb mRNA after two cis-splicing (between exons I and II and exons IV and V) and two trans-splicing events. The trans-splicing process involves the sequences flanking exons II, 111, and IV that feature group II introns. A model is proposed for the assembly and maturation of the nad5 transcripts.

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Section: Rna Editingmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Rna Editingmentioning

confidence: 64%

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A trans-splicing model for the expression of the tripartite nad5 gene in wheat and maize mitochondria.

et al. 1991

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“…In both organelles specific cytidines of the primary transcripts are altered to uridines in the mature mRNAs. Only a few instances of editing have been found in chloroplasts (4)(5)(6), whereas numerous editing events have been documented in mitochondria of higher plants for almost all mRNAs investigated (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). In the more thoroughly investigated higher plant species, all of the open reading frames encoding conserved functional polypeptides appear to be edited to some extent and the total number of editing sites documented amounts to 294 in wheat (11) and to >400 in Oenothera (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mitochondrial RNA editing has been reported in a number of angiosperm species, including the monocots wheat and maize and the dicots Oenothera, Sorghum, Petunia, Daucus, and Arabidopsis (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The observation of analogous RNA editing in both monocots and dicots suggests that the origin of this process predates the divergence of the two lineages and is generally present in angiosperms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for RNA editing in mitochondria of all major groups of land plants except the Bryophyta.

Hiesel

Combettes

Brennicke

1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

109

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RNA editing has been documented in mitochondria of higher plants, notably dicots and monocots. To determine the distribution of mitochondrial RNA editing in the plant kingdom, we have now undertaken a survey of evolutionarily distant plants. RNA editing occurs in all major groups of land plants except the Bryophyta, suggesting that this process is an ancient trait that was established before the radiation of kormophyte plants. No editing is observed in representatives of the green algae, suggesting that editing arose in early land plants after the split of the Bryophyta or has been lost selectively in both algae and mosses. In ferns several U -* C changes are observed, one of which eliminates a genomically encoded UAA termination codon and creates a functional open reading frame.RNA editing has been observed in mitochondria and chloroplasts of angiosperm plants belonging to the Dicotyledonae and Monocotyledonae (1-3). In both organelles specific cytidines of the primary transcripts are altered to uridines in the mature mRNAs. Only a few instances of editing have been found in chloroplasts (4-6), whereas numerous editing events have been documented in mitochondria of higher plants for almost all mRNAs investigated (7-11). In the more thoroughly investigated higher plant species, all of the open reading frames encoding conserved functional polypeptides appear to be edited to some extent and the total number of editing sites documented amounts to 294 in wheat (11) and to >400 in Oenothera (10). The observed effect ofthis extensive editing on the encoded polypeptide sequences suggests that many of the higher plant mitochondrial genes would not encode functionally competent products without appropriate "correction" by RNA editing.Mitochondrial RNA editing has been reported in a number of angiosperm species, including the monocots wheat and maize and the dicots Oenothera, Sorghum, Petunia, Daucus, and Arabidopsis (7-11). The observation of analogous RNA editing in both monocots and dicots suggests that the origin of this process predates the divergence of the two lineages and is generally present in angiosperms. Recently, RNA editing has also been described in the gymnosperm Thuja (12). However, none of the plant species presumed to be closer to the evolutionary origin of flowering plants has been investigated. The only mitochondrial sequence data available allowing any inference about the need of RNA editing in nonflowering plants are from two bryophytes.Analysis of protein sequences deduced from the complete genomic nucleotide sequence of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (13) and comparison of several cDNA and genomic DNA sequences (14) did not show any evidence of RNA editing. Genomic sequence analysis of a mitochondrial gene in the moss Physcomitrella patens (15) allows a similar deduction, suggesting that RNA editing might not occur in mitochondria of the two bryophytes.The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "adve...

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RNA editing gives a new meaning to the genetic information in mitochondria and chloroplasts

1993

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Between DNA and protein - RNA editing in plant mitochondria

Cited by 7 publications

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A trans-splicing model for the expression of the tripartite nad5 gene in wheat and maize mitochondria.

A trans-splicing model for the expression of the tripartite nad5 gene in wheat and maize mitochondria.

Evidence for RNA editing in mitochondria of all major groups of land plants except the Bryophyta.

RNA editing gives a new meaning to the genetic information in mitochondria and chloroplasts

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