Better Pensions, Better Jobs: Towards Universal Coverage in Latin America and the Caribbean

Bosch, Mariano; Melguizo, Ángel; Pagés, Carmen

doi:10.18235/0012584

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

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Challenges for Social Policy in a Less Favorable Macroeconomic Context

Duryea

Morrison

Pagés

et al. 2017

Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction?

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Over the last decade and a half Latin America and the Caribbean have made notable advances in reducing poverty and improving social outcomes. Extreme poverty fell by more than a third from 19.3 % in 2002 to 12.0 % in 2014; 1 and inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, fell from 0.56 to 0.51. 2 In parallel, child mortality fell from 32 to 18 deaths per 100,000 children from 2000 to 2013 (see UN IGME 2014). By 2013, school attendance rates among 6-11-year-olds reached 98 %, and among 12-17-year-olds rose to 87 %.3 Although gaps remain across income and demographic groups, the biggest advances in reducing chronic malnutrition and improving school age-attendance profiles occurred for children from the lowest socioeconomic groups.Many of these gains were fueled by the substantive increase in public expenditure. As can be seen in Fig. 1, from 2000 to 2012 overall social spending increased at a much faster rate than GDP; indeed, over this period the share of social spending in GDP rose from 14 % to almost 19 % of GDP. Rapid increases in GDP per capita also directly contributed to improving social outcomes. Decompositions of the reduction in inequality attribute between a third and a half to the higher labor income of the poor associated with faster growth (Levy and Schady 2013). This report suggests that these two channels for improved social outcomes-rapid increases in 1 ECLAC (2014). The poverty rate for 2014 was predicted.

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Challenges for Social Policy in a Less Favorable Macroeconomic Context

Duryea

Morrison

Pagés

et al. 2017

Has Latin American Inequality Changed Direction?

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Pensions for the Poor: the Effects of Non-contributory Pensions in El Salvador

et al. 2019

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Family status and later-life depression among older adults in urban Latin America and the Caribbean

Quashie

Andrade

2018

Ageing and Society

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Rapid fertility declines in Latin American and Caribbean countries since the 1960s have contributed to smaller family sizes among the current cohorts of older adults. This may have mental health implications in these societies as the family unit is highly valued as a source of social support. Utilising data from the 2000 Survey of Health, Well-being and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean (SABE), this study examines the association between parental status, marital status and the likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms among adults 60 years and older in seven cities within Latin America and the Caribbean (N = 9,756): Buenos Aires, Bridgetown, São Paulo, Santiago, Havana, Mexico City and Montevideo. Results from multivariate logistic regressions indicate that parental status is not significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Nonetheless, unmarried older adults, both those living alone and those living with others, are more vulnerable to experiencing depressive symptoms than their married counterparts. Marriage is especially protective for older adults in Havana and Montevideo. Older adults’ perceived income adequacy significantly moderates the relationship between marital status and depressive symptoms. Other significant covariates, such as experiencing disability and comorbidity, showed positive associations with depressive symptoms. While families may still represent a critical component for the mental health of older adults, broader investments in health across the lifespan are needed to improve individual psychological wellbeing.

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Better Pensions, Better Jobs: Towards Universal Coverage in Latin America and the Caribbean

Cited by 13 publications

References 79 publications

Challenges for Social Policy in a Less Favorable Macroeconomic Context

Challenges for Social Policy in a Less Favorable Macroeconomic Context

Pensions for the Poor: the Effects of Non-contributory Pensions in El Salvador

Family status and later-life depression among older adults in urban Latin America and the Caribbean

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