Betaflexiviruses (Betaflexiviridae)

Yoshikawa, Nobuyuki.; Yaegashi, Hajime

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.21332-0

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…are the most widely grown pome fruit crops. Apple stem grooving virus , Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus and Apple stem pitting virus are the type species of the genera Capillovirus , Trichovirus , and Foveavirus in the family Betaflexiviridae in the order Tymovirales [ 1 ], respectively. Each of these viruses possess a single-stranded positive-sense genomic RNA with a poly (A) tail at 3’-terminus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, there have been no surveys to determine whether the three viruses can naturally spread among host pear and apple trees in orchards. Although the mechanical transmission of the three viruses is effective from infected saps of their natural hosts, including pear and apple, to some herbaceous host plants [ 1 , 2 ], there is no evidence for spread by direct contact between healthy and infected woody host plants. The natural insect vector of these viruses has not been determined yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Transmission of Three Viruses in Two Pear Rootstock Species Pyrus betulifolia and P. calleryana

Wen

Wang

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Viral seed transmission causes the spread of many plant viral diseases. Pyrusbetulifolia and P. calleryana are important rootstock germplasms for pear production in China. This study revealed the widespread infection of apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) in maternal trees of P. betulifolia and P. calleryana by nested multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (nmRT-PCR) assays. Seeds from eight P. betulifolia and two P. calleryana trees had positive rates of 15.9–73.9%, 0–21.2%, and 40.4% for ASGV, ASPV, and ACLSV, respectively. At the cotyledon and 6–8 true leaf stages, seedlings grown from seeds of infected trees gave positive rates of 5.4% and 9.3% for ASGV, 6.7% and 15.6% for ACLSV, and 0% and 2.7% for ASPV, respectively. Incidence in nursery P. betulifolia seedlings of 10.1%, 5.3%, and 3.5% were determined for ASGV, ACLSV, and ASPV, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of coat protein (CP) and movement protein coding genes of both ASGV and ASPV, and CP gene of ACLSV from maternal trees, seeds, and seedlings were analyzed. Sequence identities and phylogenetic comparison with corresponding sequences from GenBank demonstrated that molecular variation occurred within ASGV, ACLSV, and ASPV isolates, with most sequences determined here had close relationships with reported isolates infecting pear or formed independent clades. This is the first report on the seed transmission and the molecular characteristics of these viruses infecting two rootstock species. These findings provided important evidence in management effort for pear viral diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Transmission of Three Viruses in Two Pear Rootstock Species Pyrus betulifolia and P. calleryana

Wen

Wang

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…The result of this study also highlighted that the same species of viruses infecting both seed and consumption bulbs separated into different clades or types. According to the ICTV species demarcation for potyvirus and carlavirus, all samples in this study were still in their groups (Inoue-Nagata et al 2022;Yoshikawa and Yaegashi 2021). A high-throughput sequencing (HTS) method is needed to detect and anticipate the spread of new strains or new virus of garlic viruses in Indonesia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Garlic Viruses Associated with Seed Bulbs and Consumption Bulbs from Several Locations in Indonesia

Nurulita,

Mawarni,

Hidayat

2024

HAYATI J Biosci

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Virus infection is one of the major constraints in garlic production since the viruses are readily accumulated on vegetative propagation material (bulbs). This research aimed to detect garlic common latent virus (GCLV), shallot latent virus (SLV), onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) infecting local garlic as seed bulb and imported garlic as consumption bulb. Seed bulb samples were obtained from seed breeders in several garlic growing centers in Indonesia. In contrast, consumption bulb samples were obtained from plant quarantine warehouses and three local markets in Bogor. Some bulb samples were used for morphological observations, and some were germinated in the laboratory until the leaves emerged. Leaves were collected for virus detection by RT-PCR using specific primers for GCLV, SLV, OYDV, and LYSV. Seed and consumption bulbs have differences in their morphological characteristics, especially in the type of neck hardness and the size of the bulb diameter. OYDV and LYSV infections were successfully detected in seed and consumption bulbs, while SLV was only found in consumption bulbs. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that SLV from consumption bulbs formed one group, GCLV from seed bulbs formed one group, while OYDV and LYSV from seed and consumption bulbs were in different groups, indicating that the viruses came from different strains. Further research through high-throughput detection methods and providing virus-free planting material are needed to anticipate the spread of new strains of garlic viruses in Indonesia.

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“…Apple stem pitting virus is a species in the Foveavirus genus in the Betaflexiviridae family (Yoshikawa & Yaegashi, 2021 ). Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) commonly infects apple and pear grown worldwide and causes a wide range of disease symptoms depending on host species and cultivar and the viral strain (Brakta et al., 2015 ; Desvignes et al., 1999 ; Jelkmann, 1994 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functions of triple gene block proteins and coat protein of apple stem pitting virus in viral cell‐to‐cell movement

Li,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Apple stem pitting virus is a species in the genus Foveavirus in the family Betaflexiviridae. Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) commonly infects apple and pear plants grown worldwide. In this study, by integrating bimolecular fluorescence complementation, split‐ubiquitin‐based membrane yeast two‐hybrid, and Agrobacterium‐mediated expression assays, the interaction relationships and the subcellular locations of ASPV proteins TGBp1–3 and CP in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf cells were determined. Proteins CP, TGBp1, TGBp2, and TGBp3 were self‐interactable, and TGBp2 played a role in the formation of perinuclear viroplasm and enhanced the colocalization of TGBp3 with CP and TGBp1. We found that the plant microfilament and endoplasmic reticulum structures were involved in the production of TGBp3 and TGBp2 vesicles, and their disruption decreased the virus accumulation level in the systemic leaves. The TGBp3 motile vesicles functioned in delivering the viral ribonucleoprotein complexes to the plasma membrane. Two cysteine residues at sites 35 and 49 of the TGBp3 sorting signal were necessary for the diffusion of TGBp3‐marked vesicles. Furthermore, our results revealed that TGBp1, TGBp2, and CP could increase plasmodesmal permeability and move to the adjacent cells. This study demonstrates an interaction network and a subcellular location map of four ASPV proteins and for the first time provides insight into the functions of these proteins in the movement of a foveavirus.

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Betaflexiviruses (Betaflexiviridae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Seed Transmission of Three Viruses in Two Pear Rootstock Species Pyrus betulifolia and P. calleryana

Seed Transmission of Three Viruses in Two Pear Rootstock Species Pyrus betulifolia and P. calleryana

Identification of Garlic Viruses Associated with Seed Bulbs and Consumption Bulbs from Several Locations in Indonesia

The functions of triple gene block proteins and coat protein of apple stem pitting virus in viral cell‐to‐cell movement

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