Betacyanins in dragon fruit peels: the kinetic models of their degradation under different treatment conditions

Abstract

Summary In this study, after purification, the content of betacyanins in dragon fruit peels was 9.22 mg g−1 dry sample. The stability of betacyanins under the effect of different concentration of metal cation (K+, Na+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Al3+) solutions and sugars (glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose and lactose) solutions was observed. The results showed that 10% lactose and 0.08 mol L−1 potassium chloride solution increased the stability of betacyanins and could be used as stabiliser agents. The degradation reaction under different temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 °C), pH (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0) and light conditions (light and dark) of mixed solution (betacyanins and stabiliser), including aqueous pigments solution (APS), lactose pigments solution (LPS) and potassium chloride pigments solution (PCPS), accorded with the first‐order reaction kinetics. The t1/2 values (the hours needed for 50.0% degradation of betacyanins) of LPS even up to 330.0 h at 20 °C and dark condition.

Unfolding the potential of dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) for value addition: A review

“…Out of these, the members of betacyanins are found in DF are betanin, isobetanin, phyllocactin, isophyllocactin, hylocerenin, and isohylocerenin (Stintzing & Carle, 2007). The chemical structures of different betacyanins are given in Figure 3 (Liu et al, 2019; Stintzing & Carle, 2007).…”

“…This study showed that the higher recovery of betacyanins depends on the pH (pH 5) of solvent used for the extraction (methanol and water) than lower (pH 1, 2, 3, and 4). Liu et al, (2019) had suggested the betacyanins extraction procedure from RFDF peel. Initially, a 1:20 solution of RFDF peel powder and distilled water was prepared and disodium hydrogen phosphate citric acid buffer solution was added to attain pH 5.…”

“…Sustainability of betacyanins is with nitrogencontaining environment, low water activity, low temperature, absence of light, pH range of 3-7, the existence of metal cations like Mg 2+ , K + , and Na + , presence of antioxidants, components of the material matrix, sugars such as lactose, fructose, maltose, glucose, and sucrose (Kirsten et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2019). Priatni and Pradita (2015) studied the extraction techniques and stability of betacyanins content using RFDF peel.…”

Production of colorant powder from dragon fruit ( Hylocerecus polyrhizus ) peel: Bioactivity, heavy metal contamination, antimutagenicity, and antioxidation aspects

“…Pitchayajittipong and Thaiudom (2014) produced betacyanin extract from dragon fruit peels using response surface methodology (RSM) and found that the optimum extraction condition for betacyanin extraction was to use deionized water at pH 5.5 with an extracting temperature of 40°C for 20 min. However, Liu et al (2019) reported that betalains, especially betacyanins, were actually unstable under hightemperature condition in a short time process, while Cejudo-Bastante et al 2019found that temperatures set at 4°C could maintain the red color of the extract from Stenocereus griseus (Haw) pitaya and discovered that betanin, isobetanin, betanidin, and 2-decarboxy-neobetanin were more affected by temperature than the minor betalains varied with the pH adjustment. To preserve this pigment stability, the extract could be maintained in a dry form.…”

“…However, Liu et al. (2019) reported that betalains, especially betacyanins, were actually unstable under high‐temperature condition in a short time process, while Cejudo‐Bastante et al. (2019) found that temperatures set at 4°C could maintain the red color of the extract from Stenocereus griseus (Haw) pitaya and discovered that betanin, isobetanin, betanidin, and 2‐decarboxy‐neobetanin were more affected by temperature than the minor betalains varied with the pH adjustment.…”