Beta-Glucan Particles as Vaccine Adjuvant Carriers

Mirza, Zeynep; Soto, Ernesto; Dikengil, Fusun; Levitz, Stuart M.; Ostroff, Gary R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7104-6_11

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…β-Glucan Particles β-Glucan particles (GPs) are the most studied vaccine carriers in the β-glucan family. They were developed in 1980s but only widely used as vaccine carriers in recent years (Hunter et al, 2002;Mirza et al, 2017;Abraham et al, 2019). GPs are highly purified, hollow porous cell wall shells with 2-4 µm sizes.…”

Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments

Lang

Huang

2020

Front. Chem.

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Vaccines are powerful tools that can activate the immune system for protection against various diseases. As carbohydrates can play important roles in immune recognition, they have been widely applied in vaccine development. Carbohydrate antigens have been investigated in vaccines against various pathogenic microbes and cancer. Polysaccharides such as dextran and β-glucan can serve as smart vaccine carriers for efficient antigen delivery to immune cells. Some glycolipids, such as galactosylceramide and monophosphoryl lipid A, are strong immune stimulators, which have been studied as vaccine adjuvants. In this review, we focus on the current advances in applying carbohydrates as vaccine delivery carriers and adjuvants. We will discuss the examples that involve chemical modifications of the carbohydrates for effective antigen delivery, as well as covalent antigen-carbohydrate conjugates for enhanced immune responses.

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Section: β-Glucansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although natural carbohydrates can be applied as vaccine components directly (Mata-Haro et al, 2007;Arca et al, 2009;Mirza et al, 2017). in many cases chemical modification of carbohydrates is necessary for enhanced efficacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments

Lang

Huang

2020

Front. Chem.

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“…Vaccination with recombinant Cryptococcus proteins in glucan particles protects mice against cryptococcosis in a manner dependent upon mouse strain and cryptococcal species . For a detailed description of preparation of glucan particles for use as vaccine adjuvant carriers, see Mirza et al Figure shows preparation and characterization of these yeast shell microparticles. β‐Glucans have repeatedly been proven as efficient for encapsulation and preserving antigen immunogenicity .…”

Section: Glucan‐based Adjuvant Enhances Immune Responses To Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

β‐glucan as a new tool in vaccine development

2019

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Vaccination constitutes one of the major breakthroughs in human medicine. At the same time, development of more immunogenic vaccine alternatives to using aluminium-based adjuvants is one of the most important phases of vaccination development. Among different sources of carbohydrate polymers, including plants, microbes and synthetic sources tested, glucans were found to be the most promising vaccine adjuvant, as they alone stimulate various immune reactions including antibody production without any negative side effects. The use of glucan particles as a delivery system is a viable option based on the documented efficient antigen loading and receptor-targeted uptake in antigen-presenting cells. In addition to particles, soluble glucans can be used as novel hydrogels or as direct immunocyte-targeting delivery systems employing novel complexes with oligodeoxynucleotides. This review focuses on recent advances in glucan-based vaccine development from glucan-based conjugates to a glucan-based delivery and adjuvant platform.How to cite this article: Vetvicka V, Vannucci L, Sima P. β-glucan as a new tool in vaccine development. Scand J Immunol. 2020;91:e12833.

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“…Intranasal vaccination of mice with DCs transfected with Ag2 complementary DNA induced protective T-cell-mediated immunity and reduced the fungal burden following both pulmonary and systemic coccidioidal challenge [12]. A third approach has been to use glucan-chitin particles (GCPs) [13,14], which are an effective adjuvant-delivery system to stimulate a protective T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 mixed response against Coccidioides [15]. Increased interferon γ (IFN-γ) production is thought to be associated with vaccine-mediated protection against coccidioidomycosis [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Maize-Produced Ag2 as a Subunit Vaccine for Valley Fever

Hayden

Hung

Zhang

et al. 2019

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Coccidioides is the causative agent of San Joaquin Valley fever, a fungal disease prevalent in the semiarid regions of the Americas. Efforts to develop a fungal vaccine over the last 2 decades were unsuccessful. A candidate antigen, Antigen 2 (Ag2), is notoriously difficult to express in Escherichia coli, and this study sought to accumulate the antigen at high levels in maize. Transformed maize lines accumulated recombinant Ag2 at levels >1 g/kg. Mice immunized with this antigen and challenged with live Coccidioides arthroconidia showed a reduction in the fungal load when Ag2 derived from either E. coli or maize was loaded into glucan chitin particles. A fusion of Ag2 to dendritic cell carrier peptide (DCpep) induced a T-helper type 17 response in the spleen when orally delivered, indicative of a protective immune response. The maize production platform and the glucan chitin particle adjuvant system show promise for development of a Coccidioides vaccine, but further testing is needed to fully assess the optimal method of administration.

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Beta-Glucan Particles as Vaccine Adjuvant Carriers

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments

Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments

β‐glucan as a new tool in vaccine development

Maize-Produced Ag2 as a Subunit Vaccine for Valley Fever

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