beta-Carotene in breast milk and serum is increased after a single beta-carotene dose

Canfield, Louise M.; Giuliano, Anna R.; Neilson, Eleanor M.; Yap, Hiu H; Graver, Ellen; Cui, Haiyan; Blashill, Beverly M

doi:10.1093/ajcn/66.1.52

Cited by 66 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A similarly high correlation has already been reported by other authors (29,30) , although weaker correlations have also been described in the literature (11) . Breast milk lutein concentration in our study was equal to approximately 40 % of the plasma value, data that are supported by other studies (12,31) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake

Cena

Castellazzi

Pietri

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The present study aimed to estimate the lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake measured through the administration of a short FFQ. Design: A cross-sectional study in which an FFQ was administered twice: on day 3 (T0) and day 30 (T1) postpartum; meanwhile two breast milk samples were collected. Maternal plasma samples were obtained at T0. The comparison of dietary lutein intakes and likewise lutein concentrations in breast milk at T0 and T1 were analysed with Student's t test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the association between dietary lutein intake and lutein concentration in milk and plasma, respectively, as well as the correlation between breast milk and plasma lutein concentrations at T0. Setting: Pavia, northern Italy. Subjects: Twenty-one pregnant women, age range 24-42 years, were recruited during their last trimester on a voluntary basis. Results: Both breast milk and plasma lutein concentrations were significantly correlated with dietary lutein intake (r 5 0?86, P 5 0?0001 and r 5 0?94, P 5 0?0001, respectively). There was a clear significant correlation between milk and plasma lutein concentrations (r 5 0?87, P 5 0?0001). Mature milk lutein concentration, although significantly reduced at T1 (P , 0?01), maintained a fairly high correlation with dietary lutein intake (r 5 0?82, P 5 0?0001). Conclusions: Even though milk lutein concentration decreased during early lactation, it remained significantly correlated with daily lutein intake. Therefore, while awaiting further research, dietary recommendations advising intake of fresh fruit and vegetables rich in lutein, throughout the whole duration of pregnancy and lactation, are extremely useful.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake

Cena

Castellazzi

Pietri

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The circulating lutein zeaxanthin level in this Nepali population was similar (Ribaya-Mercado et al, 1995;Rock et al, 1995) or higher (Ascherio et al, 1992;Forman et al, 1996;Can®eld et al, 1997Can®eld et al, ,1998Mayne et al, 1998) than reported among American adults. This comparability, between a markedly malnourished population in Nepal and wellnourished groups in the United States, is unexplainable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The level of circulating b-carotene in our population was much lower than distributions reported in the well-nourished lactating (Can®eld et al, 1997(Can®eld et al, ,1998 or non-lactating women (Forman et al, 1996;Rock et al, 1995). This may Retinol, tocopherol and carotenoid in Nepali women S Yamini et al not be surprising among controls, given the low intakes of vegetables, fruit and dietary fat (data not shown) that might be expected to enhance carotenoid absorption (Takyi, 1999).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…During pregnancy serum lycopene only accounted for $ 3% of all circulating carotenoid, and comprised less than 0.5% during post-partum. In contrast, lycopene is one of the predominant blood carotenoids in premenopausal women (Forman et al, 1996;Can®eld et al, 1997Can®eld et al, ,1998Rock et al, 1995) and other healthy groups (Ascherio et al, 1992;Nierenberg et al, 1997) living in the United States. The b-cryptoxanthin level in our pregnant women was similar to those reported in Malawian pregnant women (Lan et al, 1999), but lower than seen in American populations (Forman et al, 1996;Can®eld et al, 1997Can®eld et al, ,1998Rock et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The six major carotenoids found in human blood are b-carotene, a-carotene, b-crypotoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin, the latter two being mostly reported combined. In well-nourished Western populations the level of serum lycopene has been reported to be higher than other carotenoids (Ascherio et al, 1992;Forman et al, 1996;Nierenberg et al, 1997;Can®eld et al, 1997Can®eld et al, ,1998, possibly due to higher consumption of tomato products, which are high in lycopene. In contrast, circulating levels of lutein have been found to be higher and lycopene lower in women in one rural African population (Malawi); (Lan et al, 1999) and in Japan among males (Kitamura et al, 1997) compared to healthy American adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Circulating levels of retinol, tocopherol and carotenoid in Nepali pregnant and postpartum women following long-term β-carotene and vitamin A supplementation

Yamini¹,

Kp²,

Wu³

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To characterize circulating carotenoid and tocopherol levels in Nepali women during pregnancy and post-partum and to determine the effects of b-carotene and vitamin A supplementation on their concentration in serum. Design: Randomized community supplementation trial. Setting: The study was carried out from 1994 to 1997 in the Southern, rural plains District of Sarlahi, Nepal. Subjects: A total of 1431 married women had an ascertained pregnancy, of whom 1186 (83%) provided an analyzable serum sample during pregnancy; 1098 (77%) provided an analyzable 3 ± 4 months post-partum serum sample. Interventions: Women received a weekly dose of vitamin A (7000 mg RE), b-carotene (42 mg) or placebo before, during and after pregnancy. Serum was analyzed for retinol, a-tocopherol, g-tocopherol, b-carotene, a-carotene, lycopene, lutein zeaxanthin, and b-cryptoxanthin concentrations during mid-pregnancy and at $3 months post-partum. Results: Compared to placebo, serum retinol, b-carotene, g-tocopherol, b-cryptoxanthin and lutein zeaxanthin concentrations were higher among b-carotene recipients during pregnancy and, except for b-cryptoxanthin, at postpartum. In the vitamin A group, serum retinol and b-cryptoxanthin were higher during pregnancy, and retinol and g-tocopherol higher at postpartum. Lutein zeaxanthin was the dominant carotenoid, regardless of treatment group, followed by serum b-carotene. Serum lycopene level was lowest, and very low compared to the US population. Serum retinol was higher, and carotenoid and a-tocopherol lower, at postpartum than during pregnancy in all groups. Conclusions: Pregnant and lactating Nepali women have lower serum carotenoid and tocopherol levels than wellnourished populations. b-carotene supplementation appeared to increase levels of tocopherol and other carotenoids in this population.

show abstract

Metabolic conversion of retinol to retinoic acid mediates the biological responsiveness of human mammary epithelial cells to retinol

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The biological effects of vitamin A are mediated in part by retinoic acid (RA) modulation of gene transcription. In this study, we examined whether normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) are biologically responsive to retinol (ROH), the metabolic precursor of RA. While both ROH and tRA resulted in time- and dose-dependent decreases in total cell number, tRA was markedly more potent. Metabolically, treatment of HMECs with physiological doses of ROH resulted in rapid uptake and subsequent production of both retinyl esters and tRA. Although a comparatively minor metabolite, tRA levels peaked at 6 h and remained above endogenous levels for up to 72 h in proportion to cellular ROH concentrations. In HMECs transfected with an RA-responsive luciferase reporter gene, treatment with 3 microM ROH resulted in an increase in luciferase activity to a level intermediate between that observed with 0.001 and 0.01 microM tRA. Citral, an RA-synthesis inhibitor, was also used to examine the biological activity of ROH. Compared to ROH alone, ROH plus citral treatment resulted in three-fold less tRA synthesis and a > 65% attentuation of RA-responsive reporter gene activity which persisted through 72 h. Citral also significantly attenuated the extent of ROH-mediated reductions in total HMEC number. Thus, treatment with physiological concentrations of ROH results in fewer total numbers of HMECs and this response is a consequence of cellular tRA synthesis which can induce RA-responsive gene expression.

show abstract

beta-Carotene in breast milk and serum is increased after a single beta-carotene dose

Cited by 66 publications

References 36 publications

Lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake

Lutein concentration in human milk during early lactation and its relationship with dietary lutein intake

Circulating levels of retinol, tocopherol and carotenoid in Nepali pregnant and postpartum women following long-term β-carotene and vitamin A supplementation

Metabolic conversion of retinol to retinoic acid mediates the biological responsiveness of human mammary epithelial cells to retinol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About