Beta-blocker usage after malignant melanoma diagnosis and survival: a population-based nested case-control study

McCourt, Collette; Coleman, Helen; Murray, Liam; Cantwell, Marie; Dolan, O.M.; Powe, Des G.; Cardwell, Christopher

doi:10.1111/bjd.12894

Cited by 55 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Unlike the beneficial roles of β-blockers in cancer patients, a large cohort study suggested that the use of β-blockers is not associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer and all-cause mortality [25]. McCourt et al suggested that the use of β-blockers after the diagnosis of malignant melanoma is not associated with reduced risk of death from melanoma in a population-based study conducted in the United Kingdom [26]. Given these potentially Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvedilol use is associated with reduced cancer risk: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Lin

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvedilol use is associated with reduced cancer risk: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Lin

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…In addition, propranolol reduces tumor growth in a murine model of B16 melanoma (Hasegawa and Saiki 2002;Glasner et al 2010; Barbieri et al 2012). Furthermore, clinical studies demonstrate that melanoma shows a surprisingly positive response to β1/2-AR blockade (De Giorgi et al 2011;Lemeshow et al 2011;De Giorgi et al 2012;De Giorgi et al 2013) although these findings have been recently questioned (Livingstone et al 2013;McCourt et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of host β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in a murine model of B16 melanoma: functional involvement of β3-adrenergic receptors

Sereni

Monte

Filippi

et al. 2015

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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Complex interactions between tumor cells and their surrounding compartment are strongly influenced by the host in which the tumor grows. In melanoma, for instance, stress-associated norephinephrine (NE), acting at β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs), stimulates melanoma cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Among β-ARs, β3-ARs play a role acting not only at tumor cells but also at non-neoplastic stromal cells within the melanoma. In the present study, we used a murine model of B16 melanoma to evaluate the role of the host β1- and β2-ARs in melanoma growth and we determined whether the role of β3-ARs can be influenced by the absence of stromal β1- and β2-ARs. As compared to wild-type mice, β1/2-AR knockout mice displayed (i) increased intratumoral levels of both NE and β3-ARs, as evidentiated at both messenger and protein levels; (ii) increased tumor vascularization; (iii) decreased tumor cell proliferation but increased tumor cell apoptosis; and (iv) increased responsiveness to intratumoral injection of the β3-AR blocker L-748,337 in terms of decrease in tumor growth, tumor vascular response, tumor cell proliferation, and increase in tumor cell death. These findings together validate the role of β-AR signaling in melanoma microenvironment suggesting that non-neoplastic stromal cells may be targeted by β-AR-related drugs. The additional fact that β3-ARs play an important role in melanoma growth suggests selective β3-AR antagonists as important proapoptotic agents.

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“…We calculated the prediction interval (PI) of the summary estimate for the randomeffects model to determine the uncertainty around the estimate (Riley et al, 2011). If a study did not report a summary risk estimate for β-blocker use, a summary risk estimate was calculated using risk estimates for each of the β-blocker use categories (McCourt et al, 2014). For a study that provided risk estimates for cancer-specific deaths and other-cause deaths, a risk estimate for allcause mortality was calculated first (Botteri et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of epidemiologic studies have attempted to link the use of β blockers to mortality in patients with several cancer types including melanoma (Lemeshow et al, 2011;Livingstone et al, 2013;De Giorgi et al, 2014;McCourt et al, 2014;Moser et al, 2014), breast (Powe et al, 2010;Barron et al, 2011;Ganz et al, 2011;Melhem-Bertrandt et al, 2011;Sendur et al, 2012;Botteri et al, 2013;Cardwell et al, 2013;Holmes et al, 2013aHolmes et al, , 2013bSakellakis et al, 2015), colorectal (Engineer et al, 2013;Hicks et al, 2013;Holmes et al, 2013b;Jansen et al, 2014), prostate (Grytli et al, 2013(Grytli et al, , 2014Holmes et al, 2013b;Assayag et al, 2014;Cardwell et al, 2014), ovarian (Diaz et al, 2012;Johannesdottir et al, 2013), and lung cancer (Wilop et al, 2009;Aydiner et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013;Holmes et al, 2013b;Cata et al, 2014); some have indicated that β-blocker use was associated with longer survival, whereas others showed no effect or a harmful effect. To date, no meta-analysis has investigated the impact of β-blocker use on the survival of cancer patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Blocker use and mortality in cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Zhong

Yu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2016

European Journal of Cancer Prevention

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A number of epidemiologic studies have attempted to link the use of β blockers to mortality in cancer patients, but their findings have been inconclusive. A meta-analysis was carried out to derive a more precise estimation. Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE to May 2015. We calculated the summary hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models. Twenty cohort studies and four case-control studies involving 76 538 participants were included. The overall results showed that patients who used β blockers after diagnosis had an HR of 0.89 (95% CI 0.81-0.98) for all-cause mortality compared with nonusers. Those who used β blockers after diagnosis (vs. nonusers) had an HR of 0.89 (95% CI 0.79-0.99) for cancer-specific mortality. Prediagnostic use of β blockers showed no beneficial effect on all-cause mortality or cancer-specific mortality. Stratifying by cancer type, only breast cancer patients who used β blockers after diagnosis had a prolonged overall survival. A linear but nonsignificant trend was found between postdiagnostic β-blocker use and mortality of cancer patients. In conclusion, the average effect of β-blocker use after diagnosis but not before diagnosis is beneficial for the survival of cancer patients.

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Beta-blocker usage after malignant melanoma diagnosis and survival: a population-based nested case-control study

Abstract: Contrary to some previous studies, beta-blocker use after malignant melanoma diagnosis was not associated with reduced risk of death from melanoma in this U.K. population-based study.

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Carvedilol use is associated with reduced cancer risk: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Carvedilol use is associated with reduced cancer risk: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Role of host β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors in a murine model of B16 melanoma: functional involvement of β3-adrenergic receptors

β-Blocker use and mortality in cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

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