Best practice intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder among transit workers

Bender, A. E.; Eynan, Rahel; O’Grady, John; Nisenbaum, Rosane; Shah, Ravi; Links, Paul S.

doi:10.3233/wor-162263

Cited by 14 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The studies were rather heterogeneous concerning which interventions were used and which outcomes were measured, as well as the intent of the intervention; prevention, at risk or rehabilitation. The majority of the studies concerned rehabilitation of individuals who were diagnosed with CMD (Volker et al 2015 ; Arends et al 2013 ; Rebergen et al 2009 ; Klink et al 2003 ; Doki et al 2015 ; Vlasveld et al 2012 , 2013 ; Kroger et al 2015 ; Beurden et al 2015 , 2017 ; Oostrom et al 2009 , 2010 ; Valtonen et al 2015 ; Goorden et al 2014 ; Dalgaard et al 2014 ; Noordik et al 2013 ; Hees et al 2013 ; Feltz-Cornelis et al 2010 ; Bender et al 2016 ; Grossi and Santell 2009 ; Vente et al 2008 ). In terms of workability, there were some evidence of improvement in time to first return-to-work among employees on sick leave for CMD receiving work-oriented PST and CBT, in comparison with treatment-as-usual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 12 months, time to full RTW was shorter in the intervention group, although no difference was noted in symptoms. Bender et al ( 2016 ) examined the effect of an intervention with an educational program and RTW coordination. Participants in the control group were expected to seek care through the usual health care channels.…”

Section: A Summarized Description Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interventions for common mental disorders in the occupational health service: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis

Axén

Brämberg

Vaez

et al. 2020

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Introduction Common mental disorders (CMD) are leading causes of decreased workability in Sweden and worldwide. Effective interventions to prevent or treat such disorders are important for public health. Objective To synthesize the research literature regarding occupational health service (OHS) interventions targeting prevention or reduction of CMD among employees. The effect on workability (sickness absence, return-to-work and self-reported workability) and on CMD symptoms was evaluated in a narrative analysis. Data sources The literature search was performed in four electronic databases in two searches, in 2014 and in 2017. Eligibility criteria (using PICO) Population: studies investigating employees at risk or diagnosed with CMD, as well as preventive workplace intervention targeting mental health. Intervention: studies where the recruitment or the intervention was delivered by the OHS or OHS personnel were included. Control: individuals or groups who did not receive the target intervention. Outcome: all types of outcomes concerning sickness absence and psychological health were included. Study quality was assessed using a Swedish AMSTAR-based checklist, and results from studies with low or medium risk of bias were narratively synthesized based on effect or absence thereof. Results Thirty-three studies were included and assessed for risk of bias. Twenty-one studies had low or medium risk of bias. In 18 studies, rehabilitation interventions were evaluated, 11 studies concerned interventions targeting employees at risk for developing CMD and four studies investigated preventive interventions. Work-focused cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving skill interventions decreased time to first return-to-work among employees on sick leave for CMD in comparison with treatment-as-usual. However, effect on return to full-time work was not consistent, and these interventions did not consistently improve CMD symptoms. Selective interventions targeting employees at risk of CMD and preventive interventions for employees were heterogeneous, so replication of these studies is necessary to evaluate effect. Limitations Other workplace interventions outside the OHS may have been missed by our search. There was considerable heterogeneity in the included studies, and most studies were investigating measures targeting the individual worker. Interventions at the workplace/organizational level were less common. Conclusions and implication of key findings Return-to-work and improvement of CMD symptoms are poorly correlated and should be addressed simultaneously in future interventions. Further, interventions for CMD administered through the occupational health service require further study. Rehabilitative and preventive strategies should be evaluated with scientifically robust methods, to examine the effectiveness of such interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Summarized Description Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for common mental disorders in the occupational health service: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis

Axén

Brämberg

Vaez

et al. 2020

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, most study samples were likely not representative for their target population (particularly as additional exclusion criteria related to substance abuse, major depressive disorders, use of psychiatric medication, or trauma features further limited generalizability), resulting in a weak QAT rating for selection bias. Exceptions were studies conducted by Bender et al (2016) where all participants appeared to be systematically referred by an Occupational Health and Claims Management Department (referral from a source in a systematic manner resulted in a moderate QAT rating). Furthermore, Grunert and colleagues received their referrals through a WCB.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 13 studies that included individuals with PTSD or subthreshold PTSD, six used clinician-administered diagnostic interviews (Bender et al, 2016;Difede et al, 2007;Gersons et al, 2000;Högberg et al, 2007Högberg et al, , 2008Rumyantseva & Stepanov, 2008), whereas it remained unclear in the remaining studies how the diagnosis had been established. Most studies used data collection tools that were reliable and valid for assessing trauma-related distress; one study used a single measurement that was not PTSD-specific (Duckworth, 1986), and for three studies (Grunert et al, 1989;Grunert, Devine, Smith, et al, 1992;Grunert et al, 1990) RTW was the only outcome variable.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evidence Base for Interventions Targeting Individuals With Work-Related PTSD: A Systematic Review and Recommendations

Torchalla

Strehlau

2017

Behav Modif

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The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence base for interventions targeting individuals with work-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to make recommendations for clinicians and administrative decision makers involved in their rehabilitation, and to guide future research in this area. Particular attention was given to studies that were conducted in naturalistic clinical settings or in a workers' compensation claim context. Electronic searches of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PILOTS, and EMBASE identified 11 articles. Study populations included railroad personnel, police officers, disaster workers, and individuals with industrial injuries. Interventions included trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Several studies specifically targeted workers who had failed to return to work (RTW) after standard PTSD treatment. The results suggest that psychotherapy interventions are beneficial for helping clients recover from PTSD symptoms and RTW. In studies that reported on work status, RTW rates increased over time and generally lay between 58% and 80% across follow-up time points. Narrative impressions were supplemented by calculation of Risk Differences for individuals working at pretreatment versus posttreatment. Clinical consideration, methodological issues limiting the current body of work, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

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“…In high volume SARC's, such as the one in this study, the staff can see client after client for the entirety of their shift. Despite the obvious traumatic effect that this sort of work has on employees, there is little investigation into professional exposure to traumatic incidents (Bender et al, 2016). There is some literature that considers work-related trauma for police officers or fire and rescue workers (Anshel, 2000;Brown & Campbell, 1994;Hart et al, 1993;Harvey et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staff experiences of working in a Sexual Assault Referral Centre: the impacts and emotional tolls of working with traumatised people

Massey

Horvath

Essafi³

et al. 2019

The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology

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Best practice intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder among transit workers

Abstract: The study demonstrated the value of workplace interventions in improving awareness of psychological symptoms after exposure to a traumatic incident and the value of screening for PTSD symptoms.

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Interventions for common mental disorders in the occupational health service: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis

Interventions for common mental disorders in the occupational health service: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis

The Evidence Base for Interventions Targeting Individuals With Work-Related PTSD: A Systematic Review and Recommendations

Staff experiences of working in a Sexual Assault Referral Centre: the impacts and emotional tolls of working with traumatised people

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