Best Management Practices for the Conversion of Established Bermudagrass to Buffalograss

Abstract

<jats:p>Growing concern over the sufficiency and variability of present water supplies in the arid Southwest has led to the examination of buffalograss [<jats:italic>Buchloe dactyloides</jats:italic> (Nutt.) Engelm.] for water conservation. Increasing acceptance of buffalograss will require investigation into conversion techniques for its establishment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of seedbed preparation and seeding rate on the establishment of buffalograss after bermudagrass desiccation with glyphosate. Research was conducted at the Texas Tech Quaker Research farm in 2009 and 2010 on a mature ‘Riviera’ common bermudagrass [<jats:italic>Cynodon dactylon</jats:italic> (L.) Pers.] rough. Bermudagrass was sprayed with glyphosate at 1.1 kg acid equivalent (ae)/ha 5 and 1 weeks before seedbed preparation. Plots were scalped after desiccation. Treatments were arranged in a two × four factorial, randomized complete block design with four replications. two buffalograss seeding rates and four seedbed preparation treatments. Seedbed preparation treatments consisted of no seedbed preparation, topdressing alone (0.6-cm layer), hollow-tine aerification + topdressing, or verticutting + topdressing. ‘TopGun’ buffalograss was planted on 1 June 2009 and 4 June 2010 at 146 or 195 kg·ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Grid counts were conducted to determine buffalograss cover one, two, and three months after planting (MAP). Counts were then converted to percent cover (0% to 100%). Greater buffalograss cover was observed when seed was applied at the higher rate (196 kg·ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) except within treatments that did not receive seedbed preparation treatment. No seedbed preparation resulted in unacceptable buffalograss cover. Percent buffalograss cover three MAP was 75%, 83%, and 86% for topdressing alone, aerification + topdressing, and verticutting + topdressing treatments seeded at 195 kg·ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, respectively.</jats:p>

Weed pressure and turfgrass establishment in response to mulching media

“…The lowest % of photosynthetically active radiation that penetrated to the soil surface was recorded in response to straw mulch treatments (26% in Year 1 and 7% in Year 2) (Patton et al, 2010). Hoyle et al (2013a) observed 75, 83, and 86% buffalograss cover 12 WAP in response to topdressing, aerification + topdressing, and verticutting + topdressing. The presence of desiccated bermudagrass during conversion to buffalograss may have performed similar to mulch, whereas topdressing, aerification, and verticutting may have increased seed to soil contact (Hoyle et al, 2013a).…”

“…Hoyle et al. (2013a) observed 75, 83, and 86% buffalograss cover 12 WAP in response to topdressing, aerification + topdressing, and verticutting + topdressing. The presence of desiccated bermudagrass during conversion to buffalograss may have performed similar to mulch, whereas topdressing, aerification, and verticutting may have increased seed to soil contact (Hoyle et al., 2013a).…”