Best candidate integrated technology for low‐noise, high‐speed, and wide bandwidth‐based transimpedance amplifiers in optical computing systems and optical fiber applications

Abstract

Summary This paper presents the best candidate integrated technology for achieving low‐noise, high‐speed, and wide bandwidth transimpedance amplifiers in optical computing and communication systems. Different complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology sizes are employed in addition to high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), and gallium arsenide technologies‐based transimpedance amplifiers to achieve high‐speed capability with low noise. These different technologies are applied on two proposed models to test the performance parameters. Maximum output signal voltage, maximum RF power spectrum, received output power, maximum Q‐factor, and minimum bit error rate are the tradeoff parameters for two proposed models at high transmission bit rates up to 400 Gb/s. It is observed that 600‐nm CMOS technology has presented the best candidate to deal with high transmission bit rates because of its superior performances in either the first proposed model or the second proposed model compared with other technologies under study. Figure of merit is applied on two proposed models and previous works to show the high‐speed performance operation of transimpedance amplifiers in our proposed models. The signal is tested before and after transimpedance amplifiers in different technologies.

Recent progress on coherent computation based on quantum squeezing

“…Photons have been seen as a good medium for computing and are often used in the field of quantum computing [27][28][29] due to their inherent advantages in information processing, such as highly parallel computing due to no interference between different bands [2,[30][31][32][33][34], wide bandwidth from additional orbital angular momentum and polarization [35,36,36,37], and low loss over long distances [38,39].…”

Hybrid NRZ/RZ line coding scheme based hybrid FSO/FO dual channel communication systems

“…In communication systems, the input electrical signals which carry the information to be transmitted are first converted into optical signals by modulating the optical source output through one of two mechanisms; by varying the drive current of source or by varying the light intensity at the optical source output [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The optical fiber has low attenuation coefficient and large angle of light acceptance cone [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Basic FBG apodization functions effects on the filtered optical acoustic signal

“…Optical communication system should satisfy the following basic specifications such as determination of transmission type (analog/digital); achieving the system fidelity (higher SNR/lower BER); larger transmission bandwidth (BW); longer repeater spacing (span); less cost of system installation; reliability (error-free transmission); less cost of system maintenance; and less of complexity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. While selecting a photodetector, the following factors are considered such as minimum optical power that must fall on photodiode to satisfy BER at specified data rate; less complexity of circuit; less cost of design; and less bias requirements [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”