Bespoke nanostars: synthetic strategies, tactics, and uses of tailored branched gold nanoparticles

Siegel, Asher L.; Baker, Gary A.

doi:10.1039/d0na01057j

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(286 reference statements)

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“… 107 Other complementary approaches such as seeded growth and stepwise reactions provide further control owing to the changing environment of reduction, enabling more exotic shapes including nanostars and hierarchical structures. 63 , 109 , 110 Such approaches to controlling size and shape, once again, are well developed for Ag and Au, in development for Al, In, and Cu, and so far nearly inexistent for Mg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges for Alternative Nanoplasmonic Metals: Magnesium and Beyond

et al. 2022

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Materials that sustain localized surface plasmon resonances have a broad technology potential as attractive platforms for surface-enhanced spectroscopies, chemical and biological sensing, light-driven catalysis, hyperthermal cancer therapy, waveguides, and so on. Most plasmonic nanoparticles studied to date are composed of either Ag or Au, for which a vast array of synthetic approaches are available, leading to controllable size and shape. However, recently, alternative materials capable of generating plasmonically enhanced light–matter interactions have gained prominence, notably Cu, Al, In, and Mg. In this Perspective, we give an overview of the attributes of plasmonic nanostructures that lead to their potential use and how their performance is dictated by the choice of plasmonic material, emphasizing the similarities and differences between traditional and emerging plasmonic compositions. First, we discuss the materials limitation encapsulated by the dielectric function. Then, we evaluate how size and shape maneuver localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) energy and field distribution and address how this impacts applications. Next, biocompatibility, reactivity, and cost, all key differences underlying the potential of non-noble metals, are highlighted. We find that metals beyond Ag and Au are of competitive plasmonic quality. We argue that by thinking outside of the box, i.e., by looking at nonconventional materials such as Mg, one can broaden the frequency range and, more importantly, combine the plasmonic response with other properties essential for the implementation of plasmonic technologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges for Alternative Nanoplasmonic Metals: Magnesium and Beyond

et al. 2022

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“…Plasmonic AuNSTs have been reported as useful photothermal agents [55,56] for PTT therapy of inflammatory breast cancer tumor emboli [57], heating efficiency in PTT treatment of PC3 tumors in mice [58] (direct injection of AuNSTs was used); in the combination of PTT and immunotherapy [59,60].…”

Section: Gold Nanostars (Aunsts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Challenges and Prospects

Bucharskaya

Khlebtsov

et al. 2022

Materials

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Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. For a number of neoplasms, the efficiency of conventional chemo- and radiation therapies is insufficient because of drug resistance and marked toxicity. Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) using local hyperthermia induced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has recently been extensively explored in tumor treatment. However, despite attractive promises, the current PPT status is limited by laboratory experiments, academic papers, and only a few preclinical studies. Unfortunately, most nanoformulations still share a similar fate: great laboratory promises and fair preclinical trials. This review discusses the current challenges and prospects of plasmonic nanomedicine based on PPT and photodynamic therapy (PDT). We start with consideration of the fundamental principles underlying plasmonic properties of AuNPs to tune their plasmon resonance for the desired NIR-I, NIR-2, and SWIR optical windows. The basic principles for simulation of optical cross-sections and plasmonic heating under CW and pulsed irradiation are discussed. Then, we consider the state-of-the-art methods for wet chemical synthesis of the most popular PPPT AuNPs such as silica/gold nanoshells, Au nanostars, nanorods, and nanocages. The photothermal efficiencies of these nanoparticles are compared, and their applications to current nanomedicine are shortly discussed. In a separate section, we discuss the fabrication of gold and other nanoparticles by the pulsed laser ablation in liquid method. The second part of the review is devoted to our recent experimental results on laser-activated interaction of AuNPs with tumor and healthy tissues and current achievements of other research groups in this application area. The unresolved issues of PPT are the significant accumulation of AuNPs in the organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system, causing potential toxic effects of nanoparticles, and the possibility of tumor recurrence due to the presence of survived tumor cells. The prospective ways of solving these problems are discussed, including developing combined antitumor therapy based on combined PPT and PDT. In the conclusion section, we summarize the most urgent needs of current PPT-based nanomedicine.

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“…Conventional approaches for NSt synthesis can afford homogeneous particle sizes, but commonly fail to accurately control the tip growth, which results in the formation of nanostars with a different number of branches of diverse geometries. [4,25] This has a direct impact on the particle-to-particle optical behavior as SERS enhancers which, in turn, restrict their use for quantitative analysis. Thus, great efforts have been devoted to designing structurally alike spiked particles with a uniform optical response.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Symmetric Nanostars With a Defined Number Of Tipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanostars: Synthesis, Optical and SERS Analytical Properties

et al. 2022

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Gold nanostars are among the most efficient plasmonic nanomaterials for optical sensing with surface enhanced Raman scattering. In recent years, gold nanostars have increased relevance in physics, analytical chemistry, environmental science, biology and medicine, and in particular in sensing and therapy. These colloids can sustain ultrastrong electromagnetic fields which allow their use as single particles optical enhancers; are colloidally stable and may have a marked catalytical activity. Due to their exotic shape, these colloids present characteristic optical and reactive behaviors. Here, we briefly discuss the optical properties, the synthetic routes and the analytical applications of these nanoparticles.

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Bespoke nanostars: synthetic strategies, tactics, and uses of tailored branched gold nanoparticles

Abstract: Interest in branched colloidal gold nanosystems has gained increased traction due to the structures' outstanding optical and plasmonic properties, resulting in utilization in a broad range of imaging, catalytic, and therapeutic techniques.

Cited by 36 publications

References 214 publications

Opportunities and Challenges for Alternative Nanoplasmonic Metals: Magnesium and Beyond

Opportunities and Challenges for Alternative Nanoplasmonic Metals: Magnesium and Beyond

Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Challenges and Prospects

Gold Nanostars: Synthesis, Optical and SERS Analytical Properties

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