Beryllium parabolic refractive x-ray lenses

Schroer, Christian G.; Kuhlmann, Marion; Lengeler, B.; Günzler, Til Florian; Kurapova, Olga; Benner, Boris; Rau, Christoph; Simionovici, Alexandre; Snigirev, A.; Snigireva, I.

doi:10.1117/12.451013

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Compound refractive X-ray lenses (CRLs) (Snigirev et al, 1996;Lengeler et al, 1998) made of beryllium (Schroer et al, 2002) are widely used at synchrotron storage ring sources and X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) as beamline optics in order to transport and condition the beam (Chumakov et al, 2000;Vaughan et al, 2011;Polikarpov et al, 2014;Heimann et al, 2016). Their advantages arise from their large geometric aperture, ranging from 300 mm up to several millimeters, their ability to withstand intense radiation due to a low absorption coefficient and good thermal conductivity, and coherencepreserving quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofocusing with aberration-corrected rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses

Seiboth

Wittwer

Scholz

et al. 2018

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Edited by M. Zangrando, IOM-CNR and Elettra-Sincrotrone, ItalyKeywords: refractive X-ray optics; aberration correction; ptychography; phase plate.Nanofocusing with aberration-corrected rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses Wavefront errors of rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses made of beryllium (Be CRLs) have been recovered for various lens sets and X-ray beam configurations. Due to manufacturing via an embossing process, aberrations of individual lenses within the investigated ensemble are very similar. By deriving a mean single-lens deformation for the ensemble, aberrations of any arbitrary lens stack can be predicted from the ensemble with " = 0.034. Using these findings the expected focusing performance of current Be CRLs are modeled for relevant X-ray energies and bandwidths and it is shown that a correction of aberrations can be realised without prior lens characterization but simply based on the derived lens deformation. The performance of aberration-corrected Be CRLs is discussed and the applicability of aberration-correction demonstrated over wide X-ray energy ranges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofocusing with aberration-corrected rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses

Seiboth

Wittwer

Scholz

et al. 2018

J Synchrotron Radiat

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“…On the other hand, the lateral spatial resolution can be diminished by means of microbeam optics. [3][4][5] At the synchrotron beamlines of HASYLAB, Hamburg a microbeam was not available for scattering studies of soft matter until recently; X-ray focusing beryllium lenses [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] have now been introduced. As the diameter of the primary beam is demagnified to several micrometers, the mechanical slicing of the material can advantageously be replaced by a mathematical treatment of recordable projected scattering data based on the Fourier slice-theorem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volume‐Resolved Nanostructure Survey of a Polymer Part by Means of SAXS Microtomography

Stribeck

Camarillo

Nöchel

et al. 2006

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Summary: Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) microtomography (micro-CT) resolves structure variation in an anisotropic polyethylene (PE) gradient material with fiber symmetry. 4 900 reconstructed SAXS patterns describe the nanostructure as a function of volume element position in the scanned fiber cross-section. Reconstruction errors were observed. Their first-order effect was eliminated by transformation of the SAXS into a multidimensional chord distribution function (CDF). Its analysis shows oriented lamellae stacks in a shell layer and extended chains in the central core of the fiber. We document zones of uni-and bimodal structure, variation of long periods, stack heights, and lateral domain extension.Original SAXS patterns (pseudocolor and 3D plot) from different voxels obtained by micro-CT reconstruction from measured SAXS projection patterns of a PE rod.

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“…We have used refractive X-ray lenses as objective lens for magnified imaging and tomography [40,41]. Resolutions on the scale of 100 nm have been reached with refractive lenses made of beryllium [42]. More detail about refractive optics is given below in the context of scanning microscopy.…”

Section: Full-field Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For X-ray lenses the choice of material is crucial. The key property of the lens material is minimal attenuation, which requires the use of elements with low atomic number Z, such as beryllium [42,80], boron, carbon [81], aluminium, or silicon. Other important issues are the processibility, the stability, and the homogeneity (low scattering) of the lens material [71,82].…”

Section: Scanning Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard X-ray Microscopy with Elemental, Chemical and Structural Contrast

et al. 2010

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We review hard X-ray microscopy techniques with a focus on scanning microscopy with synchrotron radiation. Its strength compared to other microscopies is the large penetration depth of hard x rays in matter that allows one to investigate the interior of an object without destructive sample preparation. In combination with tomography, local information from inside of a specimen can be obtained, even from inside special non-ambient sample environments. Different X-ray analytical techniques can be used to produce contrast, such as X-ray absorption, fluorescence, and diffraction, to yield chemical, elemental, and structural information about the sample, respectively. This makes X-ray microscopy attractive to many fields of science, ranging from physics and chemistry to materials, geo-, and environmental science, biomedicine, and nanotechnology. Our scanning microscope based on nanofocusing refractive X-ray lenses has a routine spatial resolution of about 100 nm and supports the contrast mechanisms mentioned above. In combination with coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, the spatial resolution can be improved to the 10 nm range. The current state-of-the-art of this technique is illustrated by several examples, and future prospects of the technique are given.

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Beryllium parabolic refractive x-ray lenses

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Nanofocusing with aberration-corrected rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses

Nanofocusing with aberration-corrected rotationally parabolic refractive X-ray lenses

Volume‐Resolved Nanostructure Survey of a Polymer Part by Means of SAXS Microtomography

Hard X-ray Microscopy with Elemental, Chemical and Structural Contrast

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