Berry nitrogen status altered by cover cropping: Effects on berry hormone dynamics, growth and amino acid composition of Pinot Noir

Gouthu, Satyanarayana; Skinkis, Patricia A.; Morré, Jeff; Maier, Christoph; Deluc, Laurent G.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.019

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Grass and Alternate treatments in 2011 and 2012 had YAN levels lower than the recommended 140 mg • L -1 N (Bell and Henschke, 2005). Reduced YAN, amino acid N, and/or ammonia concentrations have been found in studies under reduced N fertilization (Schreiner et al, 2013) or competitive cover crop (Giese et al, 2015;Gouthu et al, 2012). Both primary amino acid N and ammonia N were decreased in the Grass treatment.…”

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confidence: 89%

Vineyard Floor Management Influences ‘Pinot noir’ Vine Growth and Productivity More than Cluster Thinning

Reeve¹,

Skinkis²,

Vance³

et al. 2016

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Vigor and crop level management are important practices for premium wine grape production. The implications of crop thinning ‘Pinot noir’(Vitis vinifera L.) vines of varying vigor were investigated in the Willamette Valley of Oregon in 2011 to 2013 to better understand the relationship between canopy size and yield within the framework of a cool-climate, premium production wine grape vineyard. To manipulate vigor, a competitive grass cover crop (Festuca rubra L.) was grown in both (Grass), alternating (Alternate), or neither side of the flanking alleyways (Tilled). Vines within each vineyard floor treatment had two crop levels applied, including cluster thinning to one cluster per shoot (Half Crop) or no crop thinning (Full Crop). Grass treatment had reduced leaf area and leaf nitrogen (N) concentrations during all years compared with Tilled treatments. Leaf photosynthesis was also lower in Grass treatments despite more light in the canopy interior. Grass treatments had lower yield than Tilled treatments in 2 of 3 years and lower yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) concentrations in fruit every year. There was limited impact of floor treatments on total soluble solids (TSS) and pH. Reduced yields through cluster thinning had limited impact on vegetative growth but increased TSS and pH, in 2 of 3 years. There were few floor management by crop level interactions in any year. Grass effectively reduced vegetative growth to moderate vigor levels with cane weights between 20 and 40 g. Using a competitive grass cover crop may be an effective strategy to reduce excessive vine growth and require less labor in canopy management and crop thinning without compromising basic fruit ripeness, although YAN levels need to be monitored.

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confidence: 89%

Vineyard Floor Management Influences ‘Pinot noir’ Vine Growth and Productivity More than Cluster Thinning

Reeve¹,

Skinkis²,

Vance³

et al. 2016

horts

Self Cite

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“…The lower N content in berries was explained by the reduced availability of soil N due to cover cropping (Gouthu et al, 2012). Cover crop affects grapevine N status in the long-term, as it also affects the perennial reserve of N build-up necessary for the next year (Celette et al, 2009;Gouthu et al, 2012). Celette and Gary (2013) further showed that the dynamics of water and N availability for the grapevine are partially uncoupled.…”

Section: Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1980s, cover cropping was widely developed in Swiss vineyards and the winemakers started observing difficulties in AF kinetics, with the development of off-flavours, particularly in white wines. The lower N content in berries was explained by the reduced availability of soil N due to cover cropping (Gouthu et al, 2012). Cover crop affects grapevine N status in the long-term, as it also affects the perennial reserve of N build-up necessary for the next year (Celette et al, 2009;Gouthu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and managing nitrogen nutrition in grapevine: a review

et al. 2021

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This review addresses the role of nitrogen (N) in vine balance and grape composition. It offers an integrative approach to managing grapevine N nutrition. Keeping in mind that N excess is just as detrimental to wine quality as N depletion, the control of grapevine N status, and ultimately must N composition, is critical for high-quality grape production. N fertilisation has been intensively used in the past century, despite plants absorbing only 30 to 40 % of applied N. By adapting plant material, soil management and vine balance to environmental conditions, it would be possible for grape growers to improve plant N use efficiency and minimise N input in the vineyard. Vineyard N management is a complex exercise involving a search for a balance between controlling vigour, optimising grape composition, regulating production costs and limiting pollution. The first part of this review describes grapevine N metabolism from root N uptake to vine development and grape ripening, including the formation of grape aroma compounds. The advantages and limits of methods available for measuring plant N status are addressed. The second part focuses on the parameters that influence grapevine N metabolism, distinguishing the impacts of environmental factors from those of vineyard management practices. Areas for further research are also identified.

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“…On the other hand, vineyard climatic conditions, soil, cultural practices, variety, training systems and their interactions are the main factors that affect the quality and composition of grapes and wines, and they are considered part of the concept of “terroir” . Soil factors are linked to grapevine performance (vigor, vine growth, yield and vine age) and influence primary and secondary metabolites formation in grapes . Thus, although lack of water is mainly associated with climate, storage of water in soil and root access to the stored water is dependent on physical soil properties, especially in rain‐fed Mediterranean viticulture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Soil factors are linked to grapevine performance (vigor, vine growth, yield and vine age) and influence primary and secondary metabolites formation in grapes. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Thus, although lack of water is mainly associated with climate, storage of water in soil and root access to the stored water is dependent on physical soil properties, especially in rain-fed Mediterranean viticulture. Water availability determines the vine water status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanin composition of grapes from three different soil types in cv. Tempranillo A.O.C. Rioja vineyards

2019

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BACKGROUND Soil and climate are among the most determining factors for the composition of grapes. Among the compounds present in grapes, anthocyanins mainly determine their organoleptic and health‐related properties. The purpose of this work was to study the influence of three different soils on the anthocyanin content of Tempranillo grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) from 2016 and 2017 vintages. The soils of the vineyards were classified as Fluventic Haploxerepts (FH), Typic Calcixerepts (TC) and Petrocalcic Palexerolls (PP). RESULTS Non‐acylated anthocyanins, and those derived from malvidin and peonidin, were the most abundant in grapes, regardless of soil type and year. During the wetter season (2016), the grapes with the highest concentration of total anthocyanins and several of the major anthocyanins were those from TC and PP soils, in which nitrogen availability was lower than that in FH soil. However, during the drier season (2017), no significant differences were observed, although trends similar to those seen in the 2016 season were recognized. Principal component analysis showed a good separation of samples according to the two seasons and to the three soils in each season. CONCLUSION In vineyards that resemble each other closely and that are located in a unique mesoclimatic area where similar plant material is used and similar managements practices are applied, soil characteristics, which condition water holding capacity and nitrogen availability for the vines, in conjunction with seasonal conditions, were the factors that predominantly determined the anthocyanin composition in grapes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Berry nitrogen status altered by cover cropping: Effects on berry hormone dynamics, growth and amino acid composition of Pinot Noir

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Vineyard Floor Management Influences ‘Pinot noir’ Vine Growth and Productivity More than Cluster Thinning

Vineyard Floor Management Influences ‘Pinot noir’ Vine Growth and Productivity More than Cluster Thinning

Understanding and managing nitrogen nutrition in grapevine: a review

Anthocyanin composition of grapes from three different soil types in cv. Tempranillo A.O.C. Rioja vineyards

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