Bermudagrass Establishment on High Sand-content Soils Using Various N-P-K Ratios

Rodriguez, Ian R.; Miller, Grady L.; McCarty, Lambert B.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.37.1.208

Cited by 27 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In some treatments, applying P in excess of a 1.0-0.4 N-P ratio decreased coverage rate. The N part of the ratio remained constant across all treatments, with only P and K rates changing (Rodriguez et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 94%

“…When turf establishment on a putting green was studied, typical treatments included variations in the root‐zone mix (Murphy et al, 2005, 2001; Bigelow et al, 2001), P and K rates (Rodriguez et al, 2002), and mycorrhizal inoculation (Podeszfinski et al, 2002). One study used ultradwarf cultivars (Floradwarf and TifEagle, Rodriguez et al, 2002); the others evaluated creeping bentgrass. In the ultradwarf bermudagrass study, highest cover rates were reached when plots were fertilized at a 1.0–0.4–0.8 N–P–K ratio, with the N rate based on a weekly N application of 49 kg ha −1 In some treatments, applying P in excess of a 1.0–0.4 N–P ratio decreased coverage rate.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the ultradwarf bermudagrass study, highest cover rates were reached when plots were fertilized at a 1.0–0.4–0.8 N–P–K ratio, with the N rate based on a weekly N application of 49 kg ha −1 In some treatments, applying P in excess of a 1.0–0.4 N–P ratio decreased coverage rate. The N part of the ratio remained constant across all treatments, with only P and K rates changing (Rodriguez et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen Rate and Mowing Height Effects on TifEagle Bermudagrass Establishment

Guertal

Evans²

2006

Crop Science

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In the southeastern United States, ‘TifEagle’ hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L). Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy] has become a selected cultivar for renovated or new bermudagrass putting greens, and its use has increased in popularity. However, there is limited research which examines TifEagle establishment, especially when cultural practices such as mowing height are included in the experimental design. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of N rate and mowing height on the percentage ground cover, shoot density, color, total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content, and soil nitrate (NO3–N) and ammonium (NH4–N) content of TifEagle hybrid bermudagrass putting greens throughout three establishment years (2002, 2003, and 2004). Weekly applications of N were applied at 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 g N m−2 wk−1, and mowing height applied at 3.2, 3.9, and 4.8 mm. Almost every agronomic measure (percentage ground cover, shoot density, root or rhizome and stolon mass, color) responded to increased applications of N, with maximum ground cover and shoot density reached at N rates from 3.4 to 4.3 g N m−2 wk−1 Turf mowed under the lowest mowing height often had reduced turfgrass color and rhizome and stolon mass, compared with that mowed at 3.9 or 4.8 mm. Soil pH and residual NO3−N and NH4–N were almost always affected by N rate, but not by mowing height. For rapid establishment without significant reductions in shoot density, rhizome and stolon mass, and TNC, the highest N rate of 4.8 g N m−2 wk−1, as used in this study, was not needed.

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Nitrogen Rate and Mowing Height Effects on TifEagle Bermudagrass Establishment

Guertal

Evans²

2006

Crop Science

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“…Rodriguez et al (2001) tested different fertilizer ratios on a sandy soil and found 100% of ground cover during bermudagrass establishment over a range of 5 to 11 wk after planting. Ground cover for the High rate was similar for both depths across the sampling period and reached 80% at about 85 and 101 DAP in 2012 and 2013, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

Planting Rate and Depth Effects on Tifton 85 Bermudagrass Establishment using Rhizomes

et al. 2015

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H ybrid bermudagrasses are highly productive warm-season perennials, and Tifton 85, although considered an elite cultivar, requires vegetative propagation using either stolons or rhizomes (Burton et al., 1993;Hanna and Anderson, 2008). Planting rate of rhizomes is an important factor for successful establishment. Greater planting rates typically result in faster establishment (Stichler and Bade, 2003) and planting rate is often positively related to forage yield in the first year. Recommended rhizome planting rates range from 1.7 to 3.5 m 3 ha -1 , but these rates were determined on sandy-clay loam soils with good moisture and nutrient retention (Evers et al., 2002;Cosgrove and Collins, 2003). Following these recommendations on deep, sandy soils, which is where most hybrid bermudagrasses are used in Florida, can result in establishment failure (Newman et al., 2011). Information on appropriate planting rates under these conditions is needed.Additionally, one problem using dormant rhizomes is that half or more of them may be dead when planted and live ones may not have enough carbohydrate reserves to establish a live plant (Burton, 2011). Taliaferro et al. (2004 reported that planting rate can range up to 5.2 m 3 ha -1 and Mueller et al. (1993) indicated that bermudagrass is usually planted at rates of 4.5 to 5.3 m 3 ha -1 . ABSTRACTAs with stolons, planting rate of rhizomes is important for successful establishment of cultivar Tifton 85 bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.). Planting depth is another aspect to be considered when establishing rhizomes in soils with low moisture retention. Shallow planting can increase sprouting and emergence; but if rhizomes are placed too shallow they may dry out without irrigation. The overall objective was to evaluate the effect of rhizome planting rate and depth on establishment success. Treatments were the factorial combinations of three planting rates (Low-2.6 m 3 ha -1 , Medium-5.2 m 3 ha -1 , and High-10.4 m 3 ha -1 ) and two planting depths (6 and 12 cm). High planting rate increased Tifton 85 frequency, ground cover, and herbage dry matter (DM), independent of planting depth. In both years, the High rate resulted in 100% grass frequency and ground cover before 120 d after planting. Also, this treatment produced more than 2300 kg DM ha -1 in the establishment year, and this was greater than the Medium and Low rates (1230 and 900 kg ha -1 , respectively) when planted at 6 cm, or than the Low rate planted at 12 cm (1430 kg ha -1 ). When using Low or Medium rates, planting at a 12-cm depth, improved overall performance compared with 6 cm. Medium rhizome planting rate of ~5 m 3 ha -1 at a 12-cm depth provided satisfactory ground cover and herbage DM at lower cost than High and thus is recommended for the sandy soils in the Suwanee River basin.

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“…Establishment and maintaining aesthetics and functional values of bermudagrass greens and tees includes identifying ideal application rates and seasonal applications of fertilizers, topdressing, and frequency of horizontal and vertical mowing and aerification (Bunnell et. al., 2005; Hollingsworth et al, 2005; Guertal and Evans, 2006; Rodriguez et al, 2001; White et al, 2004). After evaluation of vertical mowing and topdressing, management strategies for establishing and established ‘Tifdwarf’, Champion, FloraDwarf, ‘Miniverde’, and TifEagle ultradwarf bermudagrass cultivars in temperate Texas (White et al, 2004) suggested that cultural management will need to change as the cultivars mature.…”

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Seasonal Cultural Management Practices for Aging Subtropic Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Greens: II. Mechanical Practices of Topdressing and Verticut Frequency

Park

Cisar

Fidanza

et al. 2017

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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To provide optimum playing surfaces, many golf courses have used ultradwarf bermudagrass [Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy × C. dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars for greens, although little is known about regionally defined cultural management. A 4‐yr experiment was conducted in southern Florida, on a US Golf Association (USGA)‐specified green to examine the effect of topdressing and vertical mowing frequency on ultradwarf bermudgrass cultivars Champion, TifEagle, and FloraDwarf for primarily quality, growth, tissue N and K, and ball roll distance. Weekly topdressing during the wet season enhanced quality and reduced the presence of disease‐like symptoms. TifEagle increased aboveground growth when topdressed weekly compared with Champion and FloraDwarf. As the green aged, however, topdressing biweekly during dry‐season months became important for maintaining quality. Influence of vertical mowing on all observations and measurements were minimal and not consistent from season to season. Further long‐term research is needed to determine how changing mechanical management on a seasonal basis can optimize ultradwarf bermudgrass for quality, vigor, and performance.

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Bermudagrass Establishment on High Sand-content Soils Using Various N-P-K Ratios

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

Nitrogen Rate and Mowing Height Effects on TifEagle Bermudagrass Establishment

Nitrogen Rate and Mowing Height Effects on TifEagle Bermudagrass Establishment

Planting Rate and Depth Effects on Tifton 85 Bermudagrass Establishment using Rhizomes

Seasonal Cultural Management Practices for Aging Subtropic Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Greens: II. Mechanical Practices of Topdressing and Verticut Frequency

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