Berjuang Menyelamatkan Lingkungan: Gerakan Lingkungan Di Jawa Masa Kemerdekaan 1950-2000

Abstract

This article discusses the environmental movement in Java during the independence era, with a special focus on the Old Order and New Order periods. Historical method was employed here in conducting the collection of source materials and synthesizing the facts into a historiographical construction. The sense of environmental crisis became the reason for continuing struggle for saving the environment. The result of discussion reveals that not only did it perform colonial legacy, the movement also resulted in modifications, in terms of conservation management and movement forms. There was also a process of strengthening and broadening of the supporting groups of the movement. Especially since the 1 9 7 0 s , t h e r o l e o f n o n -g o v e r n m e n t a l organizations and media groups intensified. This feature marked a new era that ended the dominant role of the government. In line with this process, new environmental issues were also raised and pollution was a case in point here.

The Dualism Impact in Coal Business in Muara Enim Regency (South Sumatra Province) in The Reformasi Era

“…Recorded since (New Order) Orde Baru period until Reformasi there were around 109 reports of protests or only around 22% of the total protests in Indonesia. Unlike the case in Java in general where there are quite a lot of protests filed by the population related to natural and environmental damage as a result of various things, there were around 284 reports or a total of 54% of the total cases with the same period [3].…”

Sejarah erupsi Semeru 1994 dan upaya penanganannya di Kecamatan Pronojiwo, Kabupaten Lumajang

“…Namun, berbagai tulisan tersebut belum melihat erupsi Semeru dari perspektif historis (Iswahyudi, 2014;Jindan, 2019;Larasati et al, 2017;Umam et al, 2019;Wicaksi, 2021;Zagarino et al, 2021). Padahal, Prof. Nawiyanto dalam berbagai kesempatan diskusi dan karya tulisnya mengemukakan pentingnya sejarah lingkungan dan kebencanaan sebagai lonceng pengingat bahwa peristiwa kebencanaan seringkali berulang dalam waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan (Nawiyanto, 2017(Nawiyanto, , 2012Ridhoi, 2023).…”

Gending Dalam Perspektif Ekologi Studi Kasus Gending-Gending Karya Tjokrowarsito

“…Hal ini dilegitimasi dengan penafsiran bahwa kemerdekaan berarti bebas dari aturan apapun yang mengikat, khususnya hukum kolonial yang dianggap telah membatasi akses orang-orang pribumi terhadap sumberdaya hutan. Penafsiran ini juga membawa implikasi adanya kebebasan untuk mengambil tindakan apa saja termasuk yang bersifat destruktif terhadap lingkungan, yang sebelumnya telah dilindungi dan dinyatakan sebagai area konservasi berdasar hukum kolonial (Poerwokoesoemo dalam (Nawiyanto 2015) ). Tidak mengherankan, selama revolusi kemerdekaan kerusakan hutan di Jawa justru bertambah parah.…”

“…Tidak mengherankan, selama revolusi kemerdekaan kerusakan hutan di Jawa justru bertambah parah. Seorang rimbawan menyatakan bahwa penggundulan hutan telah memuncak sejak revolusi (Soedarma, dalam (Nawiyanto 2015)).…”