Bereitschaftspotential, prämotorische Positivierung und andere Hirnpotentiale bei sakkadischen Augenbewegungen

Becker, Wolfgang; Hoehne, O.; Iwase, Katsuhiko; Kornhuber, H. H.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(72)90087-9

Cited by 117 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The small positive component preceding the saccade (Becker, Hoehne, Iwase, & Kornhuber, 1972;Kurtzberg & Vaughan, 1973) was not obtained in the present experiment.…”

Section: Conditioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Lambda response as an index of visual perception research

Yagi

1982

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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On the basis of the result that the lambda response was associated with the offset of the saccade, EEGs were averaged at the offsets of saccades to obtain the lambda responses under the following four conditions: in the dark, looking at a white paper, looking at a map, and searching on the map. Six subjects were permitted to move their eyes freely. It was found that the lambda response showed the tendency similar to the visual evoked potential. The offset averages enabled more accurate detection of the responses than did the onset averages in earlier studies. It was therefore discussed that the lambda response might be applicable as a new index of research on visual activity wills free eye movements.

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“…The small positive component preceding the saccade (Becker, Hoehne, Iwase, & Kornhuber, 1972;Kurtzberg & Vaughan, 1973) was not obtained in the present experiment.…”

Section: Conditioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Lambda response as an index of visual perception research

Yagi

1982

Jpn. Psychol. Res

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“…The first prominent component in humans, a spike-like positivity (P 1), peaks simultaneously with saccade onset. Becker, Hoehne, Iwase, and Kornhuber (1972) suggested that this component reflected volume-conducted activity of extra-ocular muscles. In a topographical study, Kurtzberg and Vaughan (1977) found such spike potentials to be maximal over frontal and parietal scalp areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brain potentials associated with visual scanning (lambda waves) have been extensively investigated in humans (Barlow & Ciganek, 1969;Becker, Hoehne, Iwase, & Kornhuber, 1972;Kurtzberg & Vaughan, 1973;Scott & Bickford, 1969;Vagi, 1979), but relatively few studies deal with lambda potentials in animals (Cohen & Feldman, 1971;Rhodes, Lanoir, Saier, & Naquet, 1962;Scott, Lichtenfeld, & Bickford, 1968). Scott et al (1968) noted that the lambda potentials that appear in monkey and man are similar.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lambda potential in the rhesus monkey

1982

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Averaged lambda potentials associated with saccadic eye movements were studied in five rhesus monkeys. The influence of field luminance and of saccade size on the latency/amplitude of potentials recorded transcortica1ly from within primary visual cortex were analyzed. Decrease in the luminance of the stimulus field led to a decrease in the amplitude of the first prominent negative component (N,) and to a lengthening of the late positive component (P3). Saccade size had a different influence on the N, and P 3 components. N, latency from saccade onset changed only slightly with increase in saccade size. P 3 latency, on the other hand, increased significantly when measured from saccade onset, but showed no latency differences with saccade sizes when measured from saccade offset. These results support the conclusion drawn from human studies as well that the N, component is related to events at the onset of and during saccades (e.g., suppression), whereas P3 is linked to saccade offset and reflects information pickup in a new fixation.

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“…In this study by Kawashima et al, subjects made a series of seven successive saccades to visual targets, each saccadic period lasting a second, and then subjects rested for a second, on average. The saccades were of relatively short amplitude 9 and nearly all saccades were task-related, such that blinking was probably inhibited until the intertrial period, when ''return'' saccades w x were allowed 58,62,303 . This intertrial period only occurred for about 1 s out of approximately every 9 s. It would seem that blinking once every 9 s or so is about the rate expected to occur during fixation, as well.…”

Section: Misplaced Human Fef?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the FEF, the eyelid field and posterior eye field are mostly within the motor strip. 9 Mean 15"S.D. 58, range 78-258; calculated from their Fig.…”

Section: Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates

Tehovnik

Sommer

Chou

et al. 2000

Brain Research Reviews

264

197

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Two eye fields have been identified in the frontal lobes of primates: one is situated dorsomedially within the frontal cortex and will be Ž . referred to as the eye field within the dorsomedial frontal cortex DMFC ; the other resides dorsolaterally within the frontal cortex and is Ž . commonly referred to as the frontal eye field FEF . This review documents the similarities and differences between these eye fields. Although the DMFC and FEF are both active during the execution of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, the FEF is more dedicated to these functions. Lesions of DMFC minimally affect the production of most types of saccadic eye movements and have no effect on the execution of smooth pursuit eye movements. In contrast, lesions of the FEF produce deficits in generating saccades to briefly presented targets, in the production of saccades to two or more sequentially presented targets, in the selection of simultaneously presented targets, and in the execution of smooth pursuit eye movements. For the most part, these deficits are prevalent in both monkeys and humans. Single-unit recording experiments have shown that the DMFC contains neurons that mediate both limb and eye movements, whereas the FEF seems to be involved in the execution of eye movements only. Imaging experiments conducted on humans have corroborated these findings. A feature that distinguishes the DMFC from the FEF is that the DMFC contains a somatotopic map with eyes represented rostrally and hindlimbs represented caudally; the FEF has no such topography. Furthermore, experiments have revealed that Ž . the DMFC tends to contain a craniotopic i.e., head-centered code for the execution of saccadic eye movements, whereas the FEF Ž . contains a retinotopic i.e., eye-centered code for the elicitation of saccades. Imaging and unit recording data suggest that the DMFC is more involved in the learning of new tasks than is the FEF. Also with continued training on behavioural tasks the responsivity of the DMFC tends to drop. Accordingly, the DMFC is more involved in learning operations whereas the FEF is more specialized for the execution of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements. q

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Bereitschaftspotential, prämotorische Positivierung und andere Hirnpotentiale bei sakkadischen Augenbewegungen

Cited by 117 publications

References 20 publications

Lambda response as an index of visual perception research

Lambda response as an index of visual perception research

Lambda potential in the rhesus monkey

Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates

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