Beraprost, a stable analog of prostacyclin, enhances cough reflex sensitivity to capsaicin in bronchitic patients

Abstract

These findings indicate that prostacyclin is involved in the pathophysiology of cough reflex sensitivity in patients with chronic bronchitis, a frequently encountered neutrophilic bronchial disorder presenting with chronic productive cough.

Pharmacology of Bradykinin-Evoked Coughing in Guinea Pigs

“…For example, bradykinin induces eicosanoid formation in the airways, including prostaglandin E 2 , thromboxane, and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (Salari and Chan-Yeung, 1989;Arakawa et al, 1992). Prostanoids can both enhance and directly initiate coughing (Shinagawa et al, 2000;Liu et al, 2001;Xiang et al, 2002;Gatti et al, 2006;Maher et al, 2009;Ishiura et al, 2014). These effects of the bronchoconstrictor prostanoids could result from the activation of mechanically sensitive vagal afferent nerves innervating the airways and lungs (Bergren, 1997;Canning et al, 2001).…”

Efficacy of gefapixant, a P2X3 antagonist, for lung cancer-related cough: a case report

“…The morbidity related to chronic cough in patients with lung cancer has been underestimated, despite 40% of those who suffer from lung cancer complaining of moderate/severe cough, even in the early stages of disease, regardless of the histological type. 1 – 3 , 9 , 10 According to the CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report, cough is also a major quality of life predictor, despite its lack of resolution by palliative therapy in most cases. 1 The management of cancer symptomatology is a major component of palliative care because when delivered early, it not only improves the quality of life, but also prolongs survival.…”

Prostanoids in Asthma and COPD

“…Limited data reveal that inhalation of a PGI 2 analog in patients with asthma failed to elicit bronchodilation 17,18 but did lower the cough threshold. 19 Although PGE 2 is classically linked to the cardinal manifestations of infl ammation (pain, fever, and swelling), these eff ects refl ect its actions on nerves, the hypothalamus, and the microvasculature, respectively, rather than on leukocytes. 20 traffi cking of neutrophils 21 and eosinophils, 22 dendritic cell activation or function, 23,24 and cytokine generation and proliferation by both type 1 Th cell and type 2 Th cell subsets of T lymphocytes [24][25][26] ; these are summarized in Table 1 .…”

“…20 traffi cking of neutrophils 21 and eosinophils, 22 dendritic cell activation or function, 23,24 and cytokine generation and proliferation by both type 1 Th cell and type 2 Th cell subsets of T lymphocytes [24][25][26] ; these are summarized in Table 1 . 15,19,20,22,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Interestingly, PGE 2 also promotes the diff erentiation and function of regulatory T cells, which restrain immune responses. 34 Potentially pro-infl ammatory actions of these prostanoids include their ability to promote (1) IgE production by B cells 35 ; (2) type 17 Th cell diff erentiation, 28,32 which would be expected to enhance neutrophilic infl ammation (which, however, might be counteracted by their inhibition of cell traffi cking); and (3) dendritic cell maturation.…”