BER Performance of Antenna Sequence Modulation (ASM)

Layered baud‐space modulation: Flexible SM scheme under transmit‐ and receive spatial correlation

“…Luckily, estimation of coloured noise is possible and subsequent noise whitening procedure is carried out. After noise whitening, we have [10–12], $$\begin{eqnarray} {\bf R}_n^{-1/2}\widehat{{\bf y}} &=& {\bf R}_n^{-1/2} \sqrt {\frac{\overline{\gamma }}{G}} \widehat{{\bf H}} {\bf x}_{jq}+{\bf R}_n^{-1/2}\widehat{ {\bf n}}\nonumber\\ {\bf R}_h^E&=&{\bf R}_n^{-1/2} {\bf R}_h {\bf R}_n^{-H/2}\nonumber\\ \widehat{{\bf H}}_w &=& {\bf R}_h^E {\bf H}: \quad whitened. \end{eqnarray}$$At the receiver, the signal model can be rewritten as $$\begin{eqnarray} {\bf y}&=& \sqrt {\frac{\overline{\gamma }}{G}} \widehat{{\bf h}} _j \vec{x}_{jq}+ {\bf {n}}, \nonumber\\ \widehat{{\bf h}}_j &=& {\vec{\mu }}_j \sqrt {\vec{\epsilon }_j }{\bf h}_j, \end{eqnarray}$$where $${\bf h}_j$$ denotes the effective column of the matrix …”

“…From previous work, the overall SEP for SM system,$${{\rm \ }P}_{SEP \ SM}$$ is used to derive the bit error probability (BEP) simply as $${{\rm \ }P}_{BEP}\le \frac{{{\rm \ }P}_{SEP}(SM)}{b_{max}}$$, where $$b_{max}$$ is the total number of conveyable bits in SM [11, 19]. Then, the BEP for SM system may then be rewritten as [19] $$\begin{equation} {\rm P}_{BEP}=\frac{{{\rm \ }P}_{SEP\ SM}\ }{b_{max}}=\frac{{{\rm \ }P}_{SIMO}\ }{b_{max}}{\varphi }_e=\frac{{{\rm \ }P}_{ser}\ }{b_e}, \end{equation}$$where $${\varphi }_e$$ represents the coefficient of increase in error for SM above that of a SIMO space and $$b_e=\frac{b_{max}}{{\varphi }_e}$$ is the density of bits in error for the system.…”

“…Luckily, estimation of coloured noise is possible and subsequent noise whitening procedure is carried out. After noise whitening, we have [10][11][12],…”

“…, where b max is the total number of conveyable bits in SM [11,19]. Then, the BEP for SM system may then be rewritten as [19]…”

“…Furthermore, a recent review on SM provides a good reference for other variants of SM [10]. More recently, sequence modulation systems have been proposed that are used to convey additional information based on the sequence of ports, frequency and symbols [11][12][13][14]. There is need to design additional IM systems that mitigate problems of MIMO and SM schemes such as additional data rates, more reliability, less computational complexity or implementational complexity and possible flexible costs.…”