“…Furthermore, a CM system employing (M F , M Q ; w, g)-MFQAM with 1 ≤ g < w is observed to be robust against channel estimation errors, contrary to a CM system employing FSK, QAM, FQAM, or (M F , M Q ; w, g)-MFQAM with g = w, due to its frequency diversity. For example, compared with the case of perfect channel estimation, a CM system employing (16,4 …”