BER Estimation in Optical Fiber Transmission Systems Employing All-Optical 2R Regenerators

Modeling of bit error rate in cascaded 2R regenerators

“…For a large ER, a small increase in nonlinearity can improve the cascadability substantially or compensate for quite a large decrease in ER. This result agrees qualitatively with the findings by Hainberger et al [8]. The reason for this result is that at high ER, the error-accumulation rate is mainly given by the beat noise at the 1 and 0 levels, i.e., the widths of the PDFs.…”

“…It has been argued [8] that this intensity transformation corresponds to detection as far as conversion from ASE noise to intensity variations is concerned.…”

Statistic numerical analysis of all-optically regenerated transmission system: how to keep high strictness and simplicity at the same time

“…The integral of overlap between PDFs of mark and space levels corresponds to the error probability of the transmitted signal. As an insignificant addition, the error probability is referred to as "bit-error rate (or ratio, BER)" in several previous reports [3,4,5], but the "error probability" is the term that is more suitable in the case of statistic analyses, partly because time-dependent issues are not involved in such theoretical treatments while "bit" is the term that is apparently time-dependent, and partly because the receiver performance is not taken into account. Although the above two equations are quite simple, the following four points are important for ensuring high stringency: (a) The convolution integral in Eq.…”

“…In spite of extensive experimental approaches, only a few attempts have been reported for analytical analyses [1,2,3,4,5], but the former analytical approaches lack either strictness or simplicity. For example, Refs.…”

Impact of the Switching Window Shape on the Performance of a Chain of Reamplification, Reshaping, and Retiming All-Optical Regenerators Based on a Non-Linear Gate

“…Due to 22 M. R. G. Leiria and A. Cartaxo the non-linear transformation, noise redistribution and signal extinction ratio improvement are achieved [3][4][5][6][7]. However, the non-linear noise redistribution changes the frequently assumed Gaussian distribution of the bit '0' and bit '1' signals and disables the use of the standard Q-factor approaches [3][4][5][6]. Therefore, other approaches have to be used to estimate the performance of the regenerator.…”