�ber den Bitterstoff der Rapssamen

Schwarze, P.

doi:10.1007/bf00589930

Cited by 21 publications

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“…The majority of these samples gave values near the upper limit of this range (av. 0.46%), or about half as much as found by Schwarze (1949) for rapeseed meals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Sinapine occurs rather widely among species of Cruciferae Gmelin, 1952, 1953), although its presence is mainly indicated by paper chromatography of plant extracts, and quantitative information on its distribution is meager (Schwarze, 1949). The bitter nature of sinapine has been mentioned (Schultz and Gmelin, 1952), but incorporation of the bisulfate salt in feed at levels normally encountered in rapeseed did not adversely affect the growth rate of chicks (Clandinin, 1961).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sinapine and related esters in seed meal of Crambe abyssinica

Austin¹,

Wolff²

1968

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The presence of sinapine in Crambe abyssinica seed has been established by isolation of its thiocyanate salt from extracts of the defatted meal freed of natural thioglucosides. Assay of a series of representative defatted crambe meals showed an average content of 0.46% sinapine, reported as thiocyanate salt, or about half the amount present in commercial rapeseed meals. The occurrence in crambe seed meal of 1 -sinapoyl-d-D-glucose was also demonstrated. Sinapine (as the bisulfate salt) fed to rats at levels normally encountered in crambe meal had no effect on growth rate, feed intake, or feed efficiency. Phytochemicalinvestigations have frequently been directed to the various thioglucosides present in members of Cruciferae, the seed meals of which usually provide the most convenient source.

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“…The majority of these samples gave values near the upper limit of this range (av. 0.46%), or about half as much as found by Schwarze (1949) for rapeseed meals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinapine and related esters in seed meal of Crambe abyssinica

Austin¹,

Wolff²

1968

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Although sinapine has been rkported to be a bitter principle in ground rapeseed [7] no adverse effects have been noted following the feeding of sinapine bisulphate to broiler chicks [8]. Recently, however, the presence of sinapine in poultry rations containing rapeseed meal has been implicated in the development of a fishy, or crabby, taint in the eggs laid by certain birds from brown egg laying flocks [9, lo].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The sinapine content of rapeseed meal (Brassicu nupits and B. cumpestris), an increasingly important source of protein for animals and poultry [2], has been found to be in excess of 1 % [3,4] and is not substantially reduced in the newer, 'zero', glucosinolate cultivars [S, 61. Although sinapine has been rkported to be a bitter principle in ground rapeseed [7] no adverse effects have been noted following the feeding of sinapine bisulphate to broiler chicks [8]. Recently, however, the presence of sinapine in poultry rations containing rapeseed meal has been implicated in the development of a fishy, or crabby, taint in the eggs laid by certain birds from brown egg laying flocks [9, lo].…”

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confidence: 99%

The quantitative determination of sinapine using titanium tetrachloride. Comments relating to the specificity of the method

Fenwick

1981

Nahrung

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A comparison has been made between two published methods (Reinecke salt method and titanium tetrachloride method) for the analysis of sinapine in rapeseed meal and its fractions. The results obtained cast doubt upon the specificity of the recently described method using titanium tetrachloride. The problem appears 10 arise through incomplete removal of interfering phenolic compounds prior to the colorimetric analysis.The sinapic acid ester of choline (Sinapine, I) is of considerable interest amongst naturally occurring choline derivatives and was first isolated from Sinupis ulba (white mustard) seed and characterized by GADAMER 111. The sinapine content of rapeseed meal (Brassicu nupits and B. cumpestris), an increasingly important source of protein for animals and poultry[2], has been found to be in excess of 1 % [3,4] and is not substantially reduced in the newer, 'zero', glucosinolate cultivars [S, 61. Although sinapine has been rkported to be a bitter principle in ground rapeseed [7] no adverse effects have been noted following the feeding of sinapine bisulphate to broiler chicks [8]. Recently, however, the presence of sinapine in poultry rations containing rapeseed meal has been implicated in the development of a fishy, or crabby, taint in the eggs laid by certain birds from brown egg laying flocks [9, lo].During the course of studying this condition, and its relationship with the diet, it has been necessary to analyse for sinapine in both dietary components and biological material. The standard method for such analysis involves precipitation of the Reinecke salt complex of sinapine and subsequent spectrophotometric estimation of the solubilised ester [ 1 11. The method is, however, time consuming, not readily amenable to small quantities and suffers from the instability of the measured coloured chromophore. Recently, an alternative method based upon the colour reaction between titanium tetrachloride and sinapine in strong acid solution has been proposed [12]. As part of our work on the fractionation and analysis of rapeseed meal [13, 141 we have examined this method. The preliminary results

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Zur Kenntnis der schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen in Raps und seinen Verarbeitungsprodukten

1972

Nahrung

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Einleitung Raps (Brassica napus) und Rtibsen (Brassica rapa) werden botanisch unter dem SammelnamenBrassica campeslris geflihrt und gehoren in die Familie der Cvuciferae, der Kreuzbllitler [7g]. Die Samen unterscheiden sich durch GroBe, Farbe und dlgehalt. Beides sind runde braune bis rotbraune Komer, Raps ist etwas dunkler als Rlibsen. Der Korndurchmesser betragt bei Raps 1-2 mm, bei Rtibsen ungefahr die Hiilfte. I m Anbau tiberwiegt der Raps bei weitem; der dlgehalt der Samen liegt bei etwa 40%. Rapsol und Rtibol sind weder nach der Zusammensetzung noch in ihrem chemischen oder physikalischen Verhalten zu unterscheiden. Beide Ole werden deshalb als eine dlart, und zwar als Rapsol oder als Rlibol bezeichnet. Entsprechend den Angaben aus dem Jahre 1966 betrug die Weltproduktion an Rapssaaten etwa 4,3 Mill. t und steht demnach an 6. Stelle bei den dlsaaten [74]. Von den anderen dlsaaten unterscheidet sich die Rapssaat durch eine sehr abweichende Zusammensetzung ihres Oles (hoher Anteil an Erucasaure) und durch das Vorkommen von Thioglukosiden. I n manchen Staaten, z. B. in Kanada, Polen und Schweden, hat die Rapsforschung schon langjahrige Traditionen [I 181. Besondere Aufmerksarnkeit wird dem Gehalt an Erucasiiure [13, 22, 23, 1121 und Thioglukosiden [5] gewidmet mit der Absicht, auf zlichterischem Wege den Gehalt dieser Inhaltsstoffe zu vermindern. Nach Angaben von CARROLL [IS] wird e k e schadliche Wirkung der Erucasiiure festgestellt. Diese Frage ist zwar nicht endgtiltig entschieden [73], aber man glaubt, daB eine Steigerung des biologischen Wertes von Rapsol durch eine Herabsetzung des Gehaltes an Erucasaure erreicht werden kann. Wie man Berichten aus Kanada und Schweden entnehmen muB, werden schon Rapssorten gezlichtet, die frei von Erucasaure sind [96, 981. Diese Sorten geben jedoch eine niedrigere dlausbeute und zeigen eine geringere Winterfestigkeit. Der unerwtinschte Thioglukosidgehalt in Rapssaaten lLBt sich nach Angaben von APPELg v r s~ [5] ebenfalls ztichterisch gtinstig beeinflussen. Die z. B. in der DDR durchgeftihrten Veredlungsversuche ergeben eine Rapssorte mit niedrigem Isothiocyanatgehalt [So]. SchweJelhallige Verbindungen des Rapses I. VorkommenMan kennt schon seit langer Zeit den scharfen, bitteren Geschmack der Rapskorner a n d den stechenden Geruch, der beim Zerreiben frei wird. Die Anwendung von Rapsschrot als

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�ber den Bitterstoff der Rapssamen

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Sinapine and related esters in seed meal of Crambe abyssinica

Sinapine and related esters in seed meal of Crambe abyssinica

The quantitative determination of sinapine using titanium tetrachloride. Comments relating to the specificity of the method

Zur Kenntnis der schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen in Raps und seinen Verarbeitungsprodukten

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