“…Such modifications can be accomplished through cationization, phosphorylation [6,8], (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation [6,8,148], The introduction of the new functionalities to the backbone of the biopolymers such as cellulose has been achieved through various reactions. For example, cellulose modification is accomplished through the modification of the hydroxyl group along the cellulose chain [6,10,144,147]. Such modifications can be accomplished through cationization, phosphorylation [6,8], (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation [6,8,148], etherification, grafting, halogenation, carboxymethylation, sulfoethylation, sulfonation, aminoguanidine, ozonation, thiolation [6], esterification [6,10], acetylation [10], and amination [6,143,144,149].…”