Benzothiadiazole and BABA improve resistance to Uromyces pisi (Pers.) Wint. in Pisum sativum L. with an enhancement of enzymatic activities and total phenolic content

Abstract

Benzothiadiazole (BTH) and DL-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) induced systemic resistance was investigated in susceptible and resistant pea genotypes against Uromyces pisi. Resistance was characterized by reduced infection frequency mainly due to decreases in appressorium formation, stomatal penetration, growth of infection hyphae and haustorium formation. Changes in β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase activities and in total phenolics content, demonstrate that U. pisi resistance is induced by BTH and BABA treatments at early and late stages of the fungal infection process, but that the chemicals operate via different mechanisms. In fact, our study showed that BTH treatment primed the activity of pathogenesis related-proteins such as β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase and peroxidase in both susceptible and resistant genotypes. On the other hand, BABA treatment did not increase the enzymatic activities in the studied genotypes, but significantly increased their total phenolic contents.

10.5937/ratpov51-5985 = Use of some chemical inducers to improve wheat resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. Sp. Tritici

“…Peroxidase causes the oxidation of wide variety of substrates, using H 2 O 2 , such as phenol, which plays a considerable role in lignin synthesis (Goldberg et al 1987). In this study BABA caused the lowest induction effect in enhancement of peroxidase activity, and this result was in agreement with Amzalec and Chen (2007) who found that BABA have weak effect in enhancing PO activity against sunflower rust, and also with Barilli et al (2010) who found that BABA treatment weakly elicits total PO in pea genotypes against Uromyces pisi -the causal agent of pea rust. Maximum PO levels were reached three days after the application of inducers and these results are similar to results of Andres et al (2008) who found that maximum PO levels is reached four days after inoculation of wheat resistant line with the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae.…”

“…Also, our results are in accordance with Ata et al (2008) who found a significant reduction in sugar beet rust infection associated with accumulation of high level of peroxidase, PAL, free phenolic compounds and lignin content after treatment with SA and BTH. Barilli et al (2010) reported that BTH and BABA induced systemic acquired resistance in pea genotypes against rust through the enhancement of enzymatic activity and phenol accumulation. Peroxidases are enzymes involved in the cell wall strengthening through protein and other polymer oxidative cross-linking and have been associated to resistance in several plant-pathogen interactions (Wang et al 2000).…”

Quantitative Gene Expression of Peroxidase, Polyphenoloxidase and Catalase as Molecular Markers for Resistance against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>

“…Polyphenol oxidase, a copper containing enzyme, oxidizes phenolics to highly toxic quinines and is involved in the terminal oxidation of diseased plant tissue and is attributed for its role in disease resistance [33].…”

The chemical inducer, BTH (benzothiadiazole) and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus spp.) trigger resistance against white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in sunflower

“…BTH has been shown to activate resistance in many crops against a broad spectrum of diseases such as powdery mildew in barley and wheat [11], pea rust [4] and Sclerotinia diseases in melon [5] and soybean [8]. Similar activity was found to occur in sunflower against downy mildew [3,14,24] and rust disease [20].…”