Benzene

Becalski, Adam; Nyman, Patricia J.

doi:10.1002/9780470430101.ch4c

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, the occurrence of benzene in food and beverages has also been reported (Mcneal et al, 1993;Heikes et al, 1995;FlemingJones and Smith, 2003;Lachenmeier et al, 2008;Nyman et al, 2008;Van Poucke et al, 2008). Several factors either related to food processing conditions or to bad manufacturing practices are potential sources of benzene in foodstuffs (Becalski and Nyman, 2009). Food processing conditions such as irradiation treatments and high temperatures processes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Several organizations have performed benzene dietary estimations, and these are summarized in Becalski and Nyman (2009). Overall the exposure assessments vary between the different studies (ranging from 0.003 to 5 lg kg bw d…”

Section: Uncertainty Evaluation Of the Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) (Becalski and Nyman, 2009). Recently Ragas et al (2011) published a cumulative risk assessment of exposure in urban environments for benzene, among other chemicals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessment of human exposure to benzene through foods from the Belgian market

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Uncertainty Evaluation Of the Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of human exposure to benzene through foods from the Belgian market

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Benzene is a common environmental/industrial contaminant that has been found to contaminate foods at trace amounts . However, in the early 1990s, the FDA learned that benzene could form in some beverages from the reaction of benzoate salts and ascorbic or erythorbic acid under certain conditions of storage, shelf life, and handling − . Levels of benzene detected in some soft drink products were higher than the regulatory limit of 5 ppb established by FDA for bottled water, and in one product levels were as high as 87.9 ppb , , .…”

Section: Current Chemical Food Safety Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risk assessments on the potential human health risks posed by benzene in beverages indicate that they do not pose a safety concern to consumers , , . The discovery of benzene in some soft drink products suggests a need to monitor levels of the compound in new beverage products to ensure that benzene levels are minimized .…”

Section: Current Chemical Food Safety Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Food Safety Issues in the United States: Past, Present, and Future

Jackson¹

2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Considerable advances have been made over the past century in the understanding of the chemical hazards in food and ways for assessing and managing these risks. At the turn of the 20th century, many Americans were exposed to foods adulterated with toxic compounds. In the 1920s the increasing use of insecticides led to concerns of chronic ingestion of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic from residues remaining on crops. By the 1930s, a variety of agrochemicals were commonly used, and food additives were becoming common in processed foods. During the 1940s and 1950s advances were made in toxicology, and more systematic approaches were adopted for evaluating the safety of chemical contaminants in food. Modern gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, both invented in the 1950s and 1960s, were responsible for progress in detecting, quantifying, and assessing the risk of food contaminants and adulterants. In recent decades, chemical food safety issues that have been the center of media attention include the presence of natural toxins, processing-produced toxins (e.g., acrylamide, heterocyclic aromatic amines, and furan), food allergens, heavy metals (e.g., lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium), industrial chemicals (e.g., benzene, perchlorate), contaminants from packaging materials, and unconventional contaminants (melamine) in food and feed. Due to the global nature of the food supply and advances in analytical capabilities, chemical contaminants will continue to be an area of concern for regulatory agencies, the food industry, and consumers in the future.

show abstract

Development of a Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) Method for the Determination of Benzene in Soft Drinks

Arisseto¹,

Vicente²,

Furlani³

et al. 2012

Food Anal. Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A method based on headspace-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry has been developed and validated for the determination of benzene in soft drinks. The extraction step was optimized using a rotatable central composite design including the following experimental variables: extraction temperature, extraction time, sample weight, and salt concentration. The optimized procedure, which was carried out at 30 °C during 30 min by using a 75 μm carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane fiber, showed good linearity within the concentration range 0-25 μgkg −1 (r 2 >0.999), mean recoveries from 97.5 to 103.1 %, and coefficients of variation from 1.5 to 13.4 % for repeatability and from 1.5 to 15.7 % for withinlaboratory reproducibility. Limits of detection and quantification were calculated at 0.02 and 0.08 μgkg −1 , respectively. The method was applied to determine the concentrations of benzene in 77 samples of beverages from the Brazilian market. Levels from <0.08 to 10.84 μgkg −1 were obtained, which are comparable to those verified in other countries. Most of the samples (72.2 %) contained benzene up to 1 μgkg −1 .

show abstract

Benzene

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

Assessment of human exposure to benzene through foods from the Belgian market

Assessment of human exposure to benzene through foods from the Belgian market

Chemical Food Safety Issues in the United States: Past, Present, and Future

Development of a Headspace-Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) Method for the Determination of Benzene in Soft Drinks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About