Benthic processes in fresh water fluffy sediments undergoing resuspension

Longhi, Daniele; Bartoli, Marco; Nizzoli, Daniele; Viaroli, Pierluigi

doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2013.e1

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…This study is part of a general effort to understand the physicochemical processes affecting delicate ecosystems at high risk of degradation and loss, often caused by human-driven changes to land use [65][66][67][68][69][70]. Our main driving hypotheses are that: the reed dieback should be considered also as a Mediterranean issue; multiple ecologic traits might co-occur with, and concur to, reed decline, thus, suggesting that this dramatic phenomenon should be approached with an integrated, multidisciplinary investigation.…”

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confidence: 99%

New occurrence of reed bed decline in southern Europe: Do permanent flooding and chemical parameters play a role?

Gigante

Angiolini

Landucci

et al. 2014

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. is one of the most dominant and common species in wetland ecosystems from temperate regions worldwide [1][2][3]. It is tolerant to a broad ecological range, colonizing different habitat types, such as riverbanks, ditches, littoral zones of lakes, fens, bogs and salt-marshes. This sub-cosmopolite species can grow in oligotrophic to eutrophic conditions, but it seems to be favoured in nutrient-rich sites [4]. The common reed can also withstand different pollutants, including heavy metals. For this reason, it is often used for the treatment of industrial or agricultural wastewaters [5-9], for phytoremediation [10-12] and even for the removal of harmful microorganisms due to its allelopathic effect [13].In some areas of the world this grass is regarded as an aggressive invasive species [14][15][16][17]. The phenomenon is prominent in the USA where the Eurasian subspecies P. australis subsp. australis outcompetes the native, recently described, P. australis subsp. americanus Saltonstall, P.M. Peterson & Soreng, displacing the authoctonous populations [18]. For this reason, in N-America and Canada P. australis subsp. australis was included among the highest priority invasive species [19][20][21][22][23][24]. On the other side, reed beds represent valuable ecosystems for biodiversity conservation, although they are both usually

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confidence: 99%

New occurrence of reed bed decline in southern Europe: Do permanent flooding and chemical parameters play a role?

Gigante

Angiolini

Landucci

et al. 2014

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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“…Such transport primarily occurs through the aerenchyma that consists of air canals connecting leaves, stems and roots (Colmer, ; Smirnoff & Crawford, ). The development of an aerenchyma is presumably an adaptation of submerged macrophytes to live within sediments that are strictly anoxic a few millimetres from the surface (Colmer, ; Longhi, Bartoli, Nizzoli, & Viaroli, ). Part of the transported O 2 may leak out and create oxidised sediment layers around the roots (Laskov, Horn, & Hupfer, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity and short‐term oxygen dynamics in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis: Implications for nutrient cycling

et al. 2019

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Aquatic macrophytes modify the sediment biogeochemistry via radial oxygen loss (ROL) from their roots. However, the variation in ROL and its implication for nutrient availability remains poorly explored. Here, we use planar O2 optodes to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of oxic niches within the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis and their alteration following variable light and ambient O2 levels. The effect of ROL on NH4+ and PO43− distribution in the rhizosphere was evaluated by a combination of 15N isotopic techniques, 2D sampling, and electron microscopy. A single specimen of V. spiralis could maintain an oxidised sediment volume of 41–47 cm3 and 10–27 cm3 in the rhizosphere at 100% and 38% dissolved oxygen saturation in the overlying water, respectively. Whatever the environmental conditions, the ROL was, however, very heterogeneous and dependent on root age and architecture of the root system. ROL stimulated the coupling between denitrification and nitrification in the sediment both under dark (+25 μmol N‐N2 m−2 hr−1) and light (+70 μmol N‐N2 m−2 hr−1) conditions. This, in combination with plant uptake, contributed to intense removal of NH4+ from the pore water. Similarly, PO43− was highly depleted in the rhizosphere. The detection of Fe‐P plaques on the roots surface indicated substantial entrapment of P as a consequence of ROL. The extensive spatio‐temporal heterogeneity of oxic and anoxic conditions ensured that aerobic and anaerobic processes co‐occurred in the rhizosphere and this presumably reduced potential nutrient limitation while maximising plant fitness in an otherwise hostile reduced environment.

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“…Little is known about the influence of floc sediments on ecosystem processes, including decomposition and nutrient cycling (but see Sweerts et al 1986, Newman et al 2001, Noe et al 2003, Sommer 2006, Inglett et al 2011, Pisani et al 2011, Reddy et al 2011, Longhi et al 2013, even though floc is common (e.g., Sweerts et al 1986, Bruland et al 2006, Sommer 2006, Rivero et al 2007, Longhi et al 2013. In this study, we address this knowledge gap by measuring decomposition rates and their controls with a standardized cotton-strip assay (Tiegs et al 2013a).…”

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Decomposition in flocculent sediments of shallow freshwaters and its sensitivity to warming

et al. 2019

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Shallow waterbodies are abundant in many landscapes across the globe and are increasingly acknowledged for their role in freshwater C cycling. This study investigated organic-matter decomposition potentials in flocculent organic sediment, a rarely-investigated sediment type commonly found in shallow waters. Further, this study investigated how porewater chemistry and temperature affect decomposition rates within flocculent sediment. We quantified decomposition rates during 3 seasons by deploying a standardized substrate (cotton strips) within and above the flocculent sediment layer in the littoral zones of lakes, shallow through-flow wetlands, and depositional zones on the margins of stream channels of southwestern Michigan, USA. We then compared our results with those reported for other freshwater settings that used the same cotton-strip assay. There was high accumulation of organic matter in the shallow waterbodies, but decomposition rates in flocculent sediments averaged 1.7Â greater than rates measured in oxic overlying waters and were generally only eclipsed by temperatureadjusted rates reported in streams, which are typically well-oxygenated, flowing environments. Rates were positively correlated with sediment porewater concentrations of soluble reactive P and dissolved iron and negatively correlated with ammonium. Warmer temperatures also resulted in increased decomposition rates, and the temperature sensitivity results suggest that decomposition rates in flocculent sediments could increase 11 to 52% with a 1 to 47C increase in water temperatures, a realistic range of increase for this region in the next 100 y if climate change continues at the current pace. Thus, high organic matter inputs, rather than slow decomposition, must lead to the development of flocculent organic sediments. Future warming could therefore increase decomposition rates and tip the balance toward net losses of organic matter.

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Benthic processes in fresh water fluffy sediments undergoing resuspension

Abstract: In (-309.3-43.4 and -0.1-0.7 µmol m -2 d -1 , respectively) were significantly lower than rates measured via core incubations (-129.8-5420.5 and -120.4-35.4

Cited by 11 publications

References 59 publications

New occurrence of reed bed decline in southern Europe: Do permanent flooding and chemical parameters play a role?

New occurrence of reed bed decline in southern Europe: Do permanent flooding and chemical parameters play a role?

Spatial heterogeneity and short‐term oxygen dynamics in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis: Implications for nutrient cycling

Decomposition in flocculent sediments of shallow freshwaters and its sensitivity to warming

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