Benthic macrofaunal community structure in the Norwegian Trench, deep skagerrak

Rosenberg, Rutger; Hellman, Birthe; Lundberg, Anna

doi:10.1016/s1385-1101(96)90745-5

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…What causes these artifacts?-It may be argued that squeezing of animals during centrifugation of sediment might have caused the near-surface pore-water DOM and ammonium maxima. In previous studies of continental margin sediments of the Skagerrak, with much higher abundance and biomass of macro-and meiofauna than were observed at PAP (De Bovee et al 1996;Rosenberg et al 1996), the same extraction technique with sectioning and gentle centrifugation (2,000 rpm [670 3 g], 30 min) was used without observing any near-surface pore-water maxima of DOC (Stå hl et al 2004c), DON, and ammonium (Brunnegå rd et al unpubl. data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic matter in abyssal sediments: Core recovery artifacts

Hall

Brunnegård

Hulthe

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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We report measurements of pore-water dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen, total dissolved carbohydrates, dissolved free monosaccharides, and ammonium in recovered deep-sea sediments from the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP), Northeast Atlantic. There were distinct maxima close to the sediment-water interface of these constituents at all times of the year. The very high diffusive effluxes calculated from these porewater distributions were not compatible with simultaneous sediment trap measurements of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, and carbohydrate fluxes toward the seafloor. Effluxes calculated from pore-water DOC distributions in recovered cores from another Atlantic deep-sea site, showing almost identical maxima as those at PAP, were more than an order of magnitude greater than simultaneous in situ chamber DOC flux measurements. We suggest that the dissolved organic matter maxima are predominantly artifacts induced by lysis of, or leakage from, mainly bacterial biomass resulting from decompression and/or warming during recovery of the sediment cores from the abyssal seafloor. Temperature elevation during core recovery from the abyss gives a N 2 saturation of about 150%, and the combined effect of warming and decompression results in a CO 2 saturation of about 135%, which together plausibly are associated with bubble formation creating cell bursting. Previous estimates of microbial biomass in abyssal sediments may be underestimates because of the difficulty of counting lysed bacterial cells. Since exoenzymes are inducible, previous measurements of their activities in recovered abyssal sediments may be overestimates.The deep-sea floor (water depth greater than 2,000 m) covers almost 60% of the surface of the planet Earth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic matter in abyssal sediments: Core recovery artifacts

Hall

Brunnegård

Hulthe

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Despite a large potential for such an exchange mechanism in many sediments (Figure 12A), the effect has rarely been evaluated in natural systems. The sediments of central Skagerrak host a large density of relict, rigid tubes from the polychaete Spiochaetopterus bergensis (1300Á8000 m (2 ) (Rosenberg et al 1996;Forster et al 1999). Detailed microsensor investigations revealed that many of the tubes were exposed to passive flushing in the order of 5Á11 ml min (1 at moderate, realistic flow velocities of 2Á6 cm s (1 (Munksby et al 2002).…”

Section: Advective Solute Transport In Cohesive Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen dynamics of marine sediments

Glud

2008

Marine Biology Research

728

724

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Benthic O 2 availability regulates many important biogeochemical processes and has crucial implications for the biology and ecology of benthic communities. Further, the benthic O 2 exchange rate represents the most widely used proxy for quantifying mineralization and primary production of marine sediments. Consequently, numerous researchers have investigated the benthic O 2 dynamics in a wide range of environments. On the basis of case studies Á from abyssal sediments to microbial phototrophic communities Á I hereby try to review the current status on what we know about controls that interrelate with the O 2 dynamics of marine sediments. This includes factors like: sedimentation rates, bottom water O 2 concentrations, diffusive boundary layers, fauna activity, light, temperature, and sediment permeability. The investigation of benthic O 2 dynamics represents a challenge in resolving variations on temporal and spatial scales covering several orders of magnitude. Such an effort requires the use of several complementary measuring techniques and modeling approaches. Recent technical developments (improved chamber approaches, O 2 optodes, eddy-correlation, benthic observatories) and advances in diagenetic modeling have facilitated our abilities to resolve and interpret benthic O 2 dynamics. However, all approaches have limitations and caveats that must be carefully evaluated during data interpretation. Much has been learned during the last decades but there are still many unanswered questions that need to be addressed in order to fully understand benthic O 2 dynamics and the role of sediments for marine carbon cycling.

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“…Although the great scallop can have a long PLD (24-78 days in laboratory conditions; Beaumont and Barnes 1992) and therefore great ability to disperse (O'Connor et al 2007), the genetic difference between the two groups could result, at least partly, from hydrographic features within the northern North Sea, which may constitute a barrier to dispersal between Norway and the North Atlantic (Lee 1980;Huthnance 1991Huthnance , 1997Otto et al 1990;Hislop et al 2001). In addition, the Norwegian Trench (100 km across, 300-700 m deep; Huthnance 1991) constitutes a barrier for benthic bivalves such as the great scallop (Rosenberg et al 1996), thus possibly reducing the connectivity between P. maximus populations from the western and eastern North Sea. The population structure assessed with microsatellites is consistent with results from previous investigations.…”

Section: Population Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of a commercially exploited bivalve, the great scallop Pecten maximus, along the European coasts

Morvezen

Charrier²,

Boudry³

et al. 2015

Conserv Genet

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The great scallop Pecten maximus is harvested in several European countries and fisheries targeting this species are severely regulated by fishing quotas. In addition, hatchery-based population enhancement has been developed in some countries to provide alternative or complementary production. The genetic structure of wild populations of P. maximus and the potential impact of aquaculture on the genetic diversity of this species remains poorly documented. In this study, we explored the genetic structure of P. maximus using 12 microsatellite markers, considering 14 populations sampled from Galicia (Spain) to the North of Norway, and one population of Pecten jacobaeus (L., 1758) from the Lion Gulf (Mediterranean Sea). Results indicated a clear differentiation between Norwegian and Atlantic (from Ireland to Spain) populations, but very little to no difference between populations within these two groups. A decrease of the genetic diversity was observed with latitude. No significant reduction of the genetic diversity was observed in the Bay of Brest, where hatchery-based population enhancement has been performed intensively since 1983. Our results are discussed in the light of the inferred recent evolutionary history, phylogeography and connectivity of populations in Europe, and of the phenotypic variability reported in previous studies between northern and southern populations.

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Benthic macrofaunal community structure in the Norwegian Trench, deep skagerrak

Cited by 38 publications

References 25 publications

Dissolved organic matter in abyssal sediments: Core recovery artifacts

Dissolved organic matter in abyssal sediments: Core recovery artifacts

Oxygen dynamics of marine sediments

Genetic structure of a commercially exploited bivalve, the great scallop Pecten maximus, along the European coasts

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