Benthic diffusive fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon, ammonium and phosphates from deep water sediments of the Baltic Sea

Lengier, Monika; Szymczycha, Beata; Brodecka-Goluch, Aleksandra; Kłostowska, Żaneta; Kuliński, Karol

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2021.04.002

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The nutrient diffusion flux was employed to design an elaborate mass balance model as one of the factors in the nutrient elution part. The diffusion coefficient, derived from the concentration difference between pore water and overlying water, was applied to calculate the nutrient diffusion flux based on Fick's first law of diffusion [11,20,50,51].…”

Section: Nutrient Elution and Diffusion Fluxes In Bottom Seawater-sur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, D SED for each nutrient substance in Equation ( 6) was calculated using diffusion coefficient (D SW ) and tortuosity (θ) from previous studies, and tortuosity was calculated from the porosity of the surface sediments [11,20,55]…”

Section: Nutrient Elution and Diffusion Fluxes In Bottom Seawater-sur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NH 4 + was the dominant nutrient in the DIN elution and diffusion fluxes in this area. This is a representative phenomenon of the reducing condition, changing the biogeochemical nutrient cycles of the general oxidation environment [11,[18][19][20][21]. Additionally, the DIN elution flux contributed only 15.8% of the net sinking PON flux, and it was estimated that the 158.3 mg N/m 2 /d of ∆Flux functioned as the remaining flux in the surface sediments.…”

Section: C N and P Mass Balances Under The Effects Of The Reducing En...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The redox processes of nitrogen and phosphorus disturb their biogeochemical cycles, and the mass balances in the bottom seawater-sediment interface have been investigated for many decades [11,[18][19][20][21]. Under oxygen-deficient conditions, marine microbes facultatively gain energy by oxidizing organic matter and other reduced species such as sulfide and manganese [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, many chemical oceanographers have focused on coastal waters, where terrestrial organic matter is excessive [30][31][32], anthropogenically driven organic matter affects ecosystems (e.g., aquaculture farms) [33][34][35], and hypoxic or anoxic water masses are formed [11,20]. Gamak Bay, located in the southern coastal waters of Korea, represents the eutrophic aspects described above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

Jeong

Kang

Cho

2022

Water

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Current mass balances of C, N, and P were estimated using a model (Fluxin = Fluxout + ΔFlux) from Gamak Bay, Korea, in August 2017, where eutrophication and reducing conditions are prevalent. To examine the current fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC), nitrogen (PON), and phosphorus (POP), sinking and re-floating sediment traps were deployed, a sediment oxygen demand (SOD) chamber experiment and ex-situ nutrient incubation experiment were conducted, and Fick’s first law of diffusion was applied. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed to identify the three groups of water masses based on the characteristics of the bay, including the effects of the reducing environment due to the anoxic water mass using 14 bottom water quality parameters. In the reducing environment (sampling point GA4), the SOD20 flux was 3047.2 mg O2/m2/d. Additionally, the net sinking POC flux was 861.0 mg C/m2/d, while 131.8% of the net sinking POC flux (1134.5 mg C/m2/d) was removed toward the overlying water. This indicates that the organic matter that had been deposited was decomposed as a flux of 273.6 mg C/m2/d. The net sinking PON flux was 187.9 mg N/m2/d, whereas 15.8% of the net sinking PON flux was eluted, and 84.2% remained in the surface sediments. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) elution flux from the surface sediments consisted of NH4+ elution (33.7 mg N/m2/d) and NOx− elution (−4.1 mg N/m2/d) fluxes. Despite the net sinking POP flux being 26.0 mg P/m2/d, the 47.7 mg P/m2/d of DIP elution flux (179.5% of the net sinking POP flux) was eluted to the overlying water. Similar to C mass balance, the additional elution flux occurred. Therefore, severe eutrophication (16.5 of the Okaichi eutrophication index) with the lowest N:P ratio (2.6) in GA4 was noted. This indicates that not only the freshly exported organic matter to the surface sediments but also the biochemical processes under anoxic conditions played an essential role as a remarkable nutrient source–particularly P–for eutrophication in Gamak Bay, Korea.

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Section: Nutrient Elution and Diffusion Fluxes In Bottom Seawater-sur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrient Elution and Diffusion Fluxes In Bottom Seawater-sur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C N and P Mass Balances Under The Effects Of The Reducing En...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

Jeong

Kang

Cho

2022

Water

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Disentangling the Drivers of Benthic Oxygen and Dissolved Carbon Fluxes in the Coastal Zone of the Southern Baltic Sea

Silberberger

Koziorowska-Makuch

Borawska

et al. 2022

Estuaries and Coasts

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Weekly variations of nutrients and their associations with phytoplankton blooms in the urban coastal waters of Andaman Sea coast: A case study in Patong Bay, Phuket, Thailand

Jiwarungrueangkul,

Kongpuen,

Sangmanee

et al. 2024

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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Benthic diffusive fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon, ammonium and phosphates from deep water sediments of the Baltic Sea

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

C, N, and P Mass Balances in the Bottom Seawater–Surface Sediment Interface in the Reducing Environment due to Anoxic Water of Gamak Bay, Korea

Disentangling the Drivers of Benthic Oxygen and Dissolved Carbon Fluxes in the Coastal Zone of the Southern Baltic Sea

Weekly variations of nutrients and their associations with phytoplankton blooms in the urban coastal waters of Andaman Sea coast: A case study in Patong Bay, Phuket, Thailand

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