Benign testicular neoplasm in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient masquerading as testicular cancer

Abstract

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare, benign neoplasm comprising spindle myoepithelial cells in the background of inflammatory cells. It can involve multiple anatomic sites in the body but rarely involves the testis. We report a case of 52-year-old male patient with a history of human immunodeficiency virus who presented with a painless, testicular mass for 2 months. Despite being treated with prolonged antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, scrotal ultrasound demonstrated an increase in the size of the lesion. With a presumed diagnosis of testicular germ cell tumor, a right radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed. Microscopic and immunohistochemical features were consistent with testicular IMT, a benign neoplastic process.