Benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome: the expanding evidences of a new disease of aging male

Russo, Giorgio Ivan; Cimino, Silvia; Morgia, Giuseppe

doi:10.3109/13685538.2015.1028353

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Its incidence gradually increases with age; more than two-thirds of men aged over 50 have histological evidence of BPH and about half of the male population older than 50 years suffers from BPH-associated LUTS symptoms, such as urgency, frequency and retention 25 26 . Aging and the presence of androgens are necessary for the development of BPH, but its pathogenesis still remains unresolved 2 3 . Accumulating evidence suggests that intraprostatic inflammation and inflammatory factors play a critical role in the pathogenesis of BPH and in the aggravation of its clinical symptoms 27 28 29 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the nonmalignant overgrowth of the prostatic tissue within the transition zone 1 . Despite its high prevalence, the exact aetiology of BPH remains unresolved 2 3 . Several different partially overlapping theories, involving hormones, inflammatory mediators, embryonic reawakening and epithelial-stromal interactions, have been proposed, but each seems to be operative to some extent and there is no consensus as to which is the primary one.…”

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confidence: 99%

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LPS/TLR4 Signaling Enhances TGF-β Response Through Downregulating BAMBI During Prostatic Hyperplasia

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Compelling evidence suggests that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) development involves accumulation of mesenchymal-like cells derived from the prostatic epithelium by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β induces EMT phenotypes with low E-cadherin and high vimentin expression in prostatic epithelial cells. Here we report that LPS/TLR4 signalling induces down-regulation of the bone morphogenic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI), which enhances TGF-β signalling in the EMT process during prostatic hyperplasia. Additionally, we found that the mean TLR4 staining score was significantly higher in BPH tissues with inflammation compared with BPH tissues without inflammation (5.13 ± 1.21 and 2.96 ± 0.73, respectively; P < 0.001). Moreover, patients with inflammatory infiltrate were more likely to have a higher age (P = 0.020), BMI (P = 0.026), prostate volume (P = 0.024), total IPSS score (P = 0.009) and IPSS-S (P < 0.001). Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses demonstrated that TLR4 mRNA expression level was significantly positively associated with age, BMI, serum PSA levels, urgency and nocturia subscores of IPSS in the inflammatory group. These findings provide new insights into the TLR4-amplified EMT process and the association between TLR4 levels and storage LUTS, suggesting chronic inflammation as vital to the pathogenesis of BPH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

LPS/TLR4 Signaling Enhances TGF-β Response Through Downregulating BAMBI During Prostatic Hyperplasia

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Although the etiology of BPH is not well understood, it has been hypothesized that BPH is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease and inflammation may directly contribute to the prostate growth. 8 Other factors such as genetic, 9 hormonal, 10 environmental (diet), 11 metabolic syndrome 12 , and oxidative stress have been implicated. 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid associated antioxidants: arylesterase and paraoxonase-1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment-naïve patients

Asare

Andam

Asare‐Anane

et al. 2018

Prostate International

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BackgroundOxidative stress and antioxidants have been implicated in many diseases including prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Lipid peroxidation contributes to oxidative stress. However, new and emerging antioxidants such as paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) associated with lipoprotein peroxidation have not been examined in BPH patients. PON1 and ARE, a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol-bound enzyme system of antioxidants, protect low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and HDL from oxidation by hydrolysis. The study primarily determined paraoxonase (PON1) and ARE activities in BPH treatment-naïve patients.Materials and methodsSixty newly diagnosed patients (treatment-naïve) alongside 30 apparently healthy controls were recruited. Blood examinations included lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL), glutathione peroxidase, PON1, ARE, and prostate specific antigen (PSA).Prostate volume and International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) were determined.ResultsPSA was significantly different between patient and control groups (P < 0.0001). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL were significantly higher in the patient group (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively). Glutathione peroxidase was very low in the patient group compared to the control group (5.65 ± 2.30 ng/mL and 17.43 ± 10.98 ng/mL, respectively). Although PON1 was higher in the patient group (50.22 ± 19.68/61.30 ± 29.55 ng/mL; P > 0.05), ARE was significantly lower in the patient group (61.31 ± 21.76/49.30 ± 19.82 ng/mL; P = 0.0098). No correlation was established between antioxidants and the lipid profile except for the LDL and PON1 patient group (r = 0.1486, P = 0.0374). Similarly, a weak correlation was also established between PSA and LDL in the patient group (r = –0.275, P = 0.033). PON1/HDL ratio was not significantly different. However, the ARE/HDL ratio was significantly lower in the patient group (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThese results signify the presence of a higher lipoprotein peroxidation activity and lower lipid-associated antioxidant activity in the patient group. The ARE/HDL ratio is a better indicator of the HDL associated antioxidant than the PON1/HDL ratio or the individual antioxidants (PON1 and ARE) as reported by others.

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“…[ 5 ] BPH is affected by a combination of factors such as age, family history, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and poor lifestyle. [ 6 , 7 ] Although there are various clinical treatments for BPH, no effective treatment has been found for all symptoms of BPH. [ 8 ] All guidelines suggest a risk-adapted, individualized approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia

Chen

Fang

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease of the urinary system. It is common in middle-aged and elderly men. Moxibustion is widely used to manage BPH and the associated lower urinary tract symptoms, but there is still lack of systematic review of moxibusiton for BPH. So the aim of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of BPH. Methods: The following 8 electronic databases including PubMed (1966–2020), EMbase (1980–2020), the Cochrane Library, Web of Science (1900–2020), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (1979–2020), WanFang Database (1998–2020), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (1989–2020), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (1979–2020) will be searched. No language restrictions will be used. Researchers will retrieve databases, identify trials, extract data, and evaluate the quality of eligible randomized controlled trials, independently. The outcomes will include: total effective rate, the American Urologic Association Symptom Score, International Prostate Symptom Score, urinary flow rate (measured in mL/s), changes in prostate size (measured in cc), quality of life, side effects and adverse events. The quality of methodology and evidence will be rated by using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool and grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation tool, respectively. Data synthesis will be presented by the manager of the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.3.0. Results: We will show the results of this study in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusions: The findings will provide credible clinical evidence of moxibustion treatment for BPH. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42020190630.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome: the expanding evidences of a new disease of aging male

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

LPS/TLR4 Signaling Enhances TGF-β Response Through Downregulating BAMBI During Prostatic Hyperplasia

LPS/TLR4 Signaling Enhances TGF-β Response Through Downregulating BAMBI During Prostatic Hyperplasia

Lipid associated antioxidants: arylesterase and paraoxonase-1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment-naïve patients

The effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia

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