Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Lesions

Abstract

Defi nition, Epidemiology, Pattern of GrowthOsteoma is a benign, slow-growing osteoblastic tumor, more commonly located in the outer table of the calvarium, the mandible, the paranasal sinuses, and occasionally in tubular bones (Samy and Mostafa 1971;Kransdorf et al. 1991;Sayan et al. 2002).It is the most frequent benign tumor of the nose and sinonasal, since being found in 1% of patients who undergo plain sinus radiographs and in 3% of CT examinations obtained for sinonasal symptoms (Earwaker 1993). Osteoma usually presents between the third and sixth decade of life, with a male predominance of 1.5-2.6:1 (Metha and Grewal 1963; Atallah and Jay 1981). About 80% of osteomas occur in the frontal sinus, while ethmoid and maxillary sinus are affected in about 20% of cases (Earwaker 1993). Isolated cases of sphenoid osteoma have been observed (Fu and Perzin 1974).

Imaging in Rare and Atypical Sinonasal Masses: An Interesting Case Series

“…CT excels over MRI with regard to assessing areas of complex bone anatomy in sinonasal location whereas intra lesional morphology like presence of fluid fluid levels and content of the locules with varying byproducts of haemoglobin are more evident on MRI owing to its superior soft tissue resolution capability [8,9]. POST contrast enhancement of the peripheral rim and internal septae are better appreciated on MRI however again cortical breaches with destruction of the sinonasal bony wall are better picked up on CT scan [9][10][11].…”

“…Digital Substraction Angiography has both diagnostic and therapeutic role by depicting peripheral hypervascularity, any major vascular supply as well as important for pre surgical workup/embolization [9].…”

“…A wide range of pathologies may be considered as a for a expansile multiloculated lesion of sinonasal region with fluid fluid levels including non ossifying fibroma, chondromyxoid fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, giant cell tumour, telengiectatic Osteosarcoma and many of these entities may actually be associated with secondary formation of ABC, hence excluding a primary bony tumour is of prime importance [9,10].…”

“…There is a high recurrence rate reported after surgery (upto 20%), hence close radiological and endoscopic follow up is required [8,9].…”

“…A wide array of treatment options are considered from Bone grafting, intratumoural sclerotherapy, cryotherapy with surgery, calcitonin administration have all been used but radical excision remains the treatment of choice [9].…”