Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomas to the Lungs: An Institutional Case Series and a Review of the Recent Literature

Miller, Jordan; Shoni, Melina; Siegert, Charles; Lebenthal, Abraham; Godleski, John J.; McNamee, Ciaran

doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.107

Cited by 80 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Benign metastasising leiomyoma is a rare entity with more than 150 cases reported in the www.journals.viamedica.pl literature [3,5]. At least two cases have been also described in the Polish literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastasising Leiomyoma of the Uterus with Pulmonary Involvement—Case Report

Maskey-Warzęchowska

Chojnowska

Ptaszyński

et al. 2017

Advances in Respiratory Medicine

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Benign metastasising leiomyoma (BML) is characterised by extrauterine smooth muscle tumours in women after surgical treatment for uterine leiomyoma. Usually manifested as solitary or multiple focal lesions in various organs, it imposes a scrutinous diagnostic work-up to exclude a malignant disease and requires confirmation in microscopic examination of the extrauterine focus. The authors present a case of a 56-year-old woman with BML manifesting as bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules, with a tentative diagnosis of a disseminated malignant disease of mesenchymal origin. The patient underwent multiple diagnostic tests, which excluded malignancy. The definite diagnosis was established after the microscopic reevaluation of an excised pulmonary nodule. The patient is monitored with chest magnetic resonance. BML should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multiple pulmonary nodules in asymptomatic women. Patients with BML require long-term monitoring, therefore the selected imaging method should not carry the risk of cumulative side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BML occurs mainly in women in reproductive age with a history of surgical treatment for uterine leiomyomas [2,5]. BML foci may be detected from 3 months to even 30 years after hysterectomy or myomectomy [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastasising Leiomyoma of the Uterus with Pulmonary Involvement—Case Report

Maskey-Warzęchowska

Chojnowska

Ptaszyński

et al. 2017

Advances in Respiratory Medicine

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“…Shapiro et al reported a case of STUMP tumor with metastasis to the humerus, concluding this group of tumors needs to be under close observation [24]. Kropp et al also diagnosed a uterine STUMP tumor from a primary bone tumor [47,48].…”

Section: Treatment and Post-treatment Follow Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with surgically removed STUMP lesions should get a baseline CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis is recommended and then routine physical examinations every 6 months for 5 years and then annually thereafter as recurrences often present as pelvic, abdominal or even as pulmonary metastases [44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Treatment and Post-treatment Follow Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP): Review of Pathophysiology, Classification, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surveillance

Mp¹

2017

J Healthc Commun

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Uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) represent a group of rare and challenging leiomyoma neoplasms. Knowledge of these tumors continues to evolve as information emerges about pathology, molecular genetics, and recurrence rates. Currently STUMP tumors are diagnosed based upon histologic features of mitotic index, cytologic atypia, and coagulative tumor cell necrosis. World Health Organization (WHO) classification of these uterine smooth muscle tumors defines them as neither benign nor malignant as they can show a spectrum of clinical behavior. It is therefore a clinical dilemma and concern about proper patient management and surveillance guidelines. In this article, there is a focus on pathophysiology, classification of leiomyoma variants to include STUMP tumors, diagnosis, treatment, and discussion of appropriate follow up.

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“…They are considered benign based off their low mitotic activity, lack of anaplasia or necrosis, and limited vascularization [1]. BML were first described in 1939 by Steiner [2]. BML most often occur in the lung, presenting as asymptomatic pulmonary nodules, however they can also be present in the cardiovascular system, lymph nodes, omentum, nervous system and retro-peritoneum and rarely in the spine [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma to the Lung and Spine: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2019

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Benign metastasizing leiomyomas (BML) represent a rare phenomenon consisting of the extra-uterine spread of smooth muscle cells with similar histological, immunological, and molecular patterns to those of benign uterine leiomyomas. They are considered benign based off their low mitotic activity, lack of anaplasia or necrosis, and limited vascularization. This condition represents an interesting diagnostic and treatment challenge based on their rarity and indolent nature. Our case represents a unique finding of BML in the thoracic spine in a postmenopausal woman many years after hysterectomy and partial oophorectomy. There are currently no standard guidelines for treatment of BML, given the rare nature of this condition, with most patients treated with a combination of surgical resection and radiotherapy, followed by hormonal treatment and radiological surveillance serving as the primary backbone of current management plans. Given that these patients present a unique clinical challenge in terms of diagnosis and management, it is important to delineate and further examine these rare entities.

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Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomas to the Lungs: An Institutional Case Series and a Review of the Recent Literature

Abstract: Benign metastasizing leiomyomas are a rare cause of pulmonary nodules. They likely represent a clonal spread of uterine leiomyomas to the lungs. Management includes pathologic diagnosis with long-term surveillance with or without hormonal manipulation.

Cited by 80 publications

References 26 publications

Metastasising Leiomyoma of the Uterus with Pulmonary Involvement—Case Report

Metastasising Leiomyoma of the Uterus with Pulmonary Involvement—Case Report

Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP): Review of Pathophysiology, Classification, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surveillance

Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma to the Lung and Spine: A Case Report and Literature Review

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